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USDA Wasde likely to cut US corn stocks, raise soy

  • Market: Agriculture, Biofuels, Fertilizers
  • 10/10/23

The US Department of Agriculture (USDA)'s next World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (Wasde) monthly report is likely to lower US corn beginning stocks and increase US soybean beginning stocks, taking direction from the quarterly Grain Stocks report.

Since 2010, there has been a 99pc correlation between the October Wasde beginning stocks and inventories reported in the SeptemberGrain Stocks report

for both corn and soybeans.

Based on that, the 12 October Wasde report will probably cut beginning stocks for corn to 1,361mn bushels (bu) from the September Wasde report's 1,452mn bu for the 2023-24 marketing year. Soybean beginning stocks will likely be increased to 268mn bu from the prior 250mn bu for 2023-24 marketing year.

Assuming all factors except beginning stocks are kept constant by the USDA, the corn balance sheet would tighten, with stocks-to-use decreasing to 14.8pc from the current estimate of 15.4pc. Soybean stocks-to-use would increase to 5.7pc from the current estimate of 5.2pc.

Meanwhile, the USDA Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) has made some revisions to corn imports for several countries, which could portend changes to export estimates in the upcoming Wasde report and further increase the stocks-to-use ratio.

In particular, the USDA FAS has lowered China's total forecast corn imports for 2023-24 to 20mn t from the USDA official estimate of 23mn t. Japan's forecast corn imports by USDA FAS are 15.3mn t compared with the USDA official estimate of 15.5mn t for 2023-24. And Mexico's USDA FAS corn estimate is 18.2mn t compared with the USDA official estimate of 18mn t for 2023-24.


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10/11/25

DAP softening could catch Pakistani importers off guard

DAP softening could catch Pakistani importers off guard

London, 10 November (Argus) — Pakistani domestic DAP prices have begun to slip since peaking in the first half of October. By realigning with declining international prices, lower domestic prices could force importers who bought DAP at higher levels to sell at a loss. The latest range for domestic DAP prices spans 13,500-14,350 rupees/50kg bag ex-Karachi, with private importers offering at Rs13,500-13,800/50kg bag ex-Karachi. Import costs have been widening their discount to domestic levels since turning cheaper in early October. The domestic equivalent breakeven cost of the latest DAP assessment at $725-730/t cfr is now more than Rs1,000/50kg bag ex-Karachi below domestic prices at a midpoint basis, Argus data show. This is the widest discount since the start of 2025. Imports on a $/t cfr basis are transferred into domestic prices by applying current exchange rates with the Pakistani rupee. Insurance, transportation and bagging costs add around 14pc. A goods and sales tax and a FED tax, each 5pc, also add to landed costs. This means that the peak of import prices at $815/t cfr in the second half of August at the midpoint was equivalent to breakeven landed costs at Rs14,341/50kg bag ex-Karachi. Domestic prices have matched import levels with a delay of about two months over March-October. Import prices had moved above domestic levels in March, with the premium remaining above Rs1,000/50kg bag over most of May-August, while prices rose steadily. Importers who bought DAP during this period were counting on the continuing increase in domestic prices to secure positive margins when selling domestically. But domestic prices never equalled the peak of import prices in the second half of August and have now started declining. Domestic prices peaked in mid-October at Rs14,000/50kg bag ex-Karachi at the midpoint, equivalent to about $793/t cfr when using the latest $/Rs exchange rate. Any DAP imported above this level would sell at a loss domestically. The fall of domestic prices could be faster than the initial softening in cfr prices going forward. Suppliers will want to resist dropping prices to avoid high-cost imports wiping out profits made earlier in the year, but farmers that return to the market for the peak offtake season in November are pointing to the bearish international trend. Despite improving crop prices, the cancellation of the expected subsidy for DAP has hurt farmers' finances. Suppliers are holding onto healthy inventories, and some are understood to be eager to sell their stocks to avoid getting caught out by declining prices. Up to 440,000t of DAP has been brought into Pakistan by private importers since May, line-up data show. Some buyers have reported targeting import prices at $700/t cfr, a level not seen since mid-April. This would be equivalent to breakeven landed costs at Rs12,361/50kg bag ex-Karachi. If domestic prices drop by 9.4pc from current levels, unsold cargoes that were imported after mid-April would be selling at a loss. The decline in domestic prices is less likely to cause losses for suppliers of branded and domestically produced DAP, which sell at a premium to private importers. But higher raw material costs is likely squeezing margins for Pakistan's domestic DAP production. By Adrien Seewald Pakistan domestic DAP price VS cfr domestic equivalent Rs/50kg bag ex-Karachi Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

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EPA does not update court on biofuel timing: Correction


10/11/25
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10/11/25

EPA does not update court on biofuel timing: Correction

Corrects government shutdown's impact on court deadlines, and updates with new information throughout. New York, 10 November (Argus) — President Donald Trump's administration did not update a court on its timeline for finalizing new biofuel blend mandates, as a partial government shutdown slows down court cases and regulatory work. Biofuel groups Clean Fuels Alliance America and Growth Energy have repeatedly sued the administration over its delays, hoping that a court will require the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to set new biofuel quotas before year-end. Judge Timothy Kelly of the US District Court for the District of Columbia ordered the administration to provide an update on its timeline by 7 November. But in a filing that evening, the biofuel groups said they had not heard back from government lawyers. No timing update was provided. "It is the understanding of Clean Fuels and Growth Energy that counsel for defendants may currently be furloughed," they told the court. Kelly ordered the update before the ongoing partial government shutdown began. The DC district court later said in a general order that it would give the government more time to respond across all civil cases because of the funding lapse. Government lawyers had previously warned courts that the shutdown would sideline critical officials and make it hard to meet deadlines. But the government's lack of response to biofuel groups in the case is still raising fears of more prolonged delays updating a program that is important for producers of ethanol, renewable diesel and other biofuels and is popular among powerful farm-state Trump allies in Congress. EPA told Argus it was reviewing comments on its plan to make oil companies offset past program exemptions and "continues to work on final regulations" to establish new blend mandates. In past cases over biofuel program deadlines, biofuel groups and federal officials have negotiated new timelines or judges have ordered EPA to act by a set date. Clean Fuels said it would continue to ask the DC court to expedite the case and require the agency to publish a final regulation by year-end. Under the Renewable Fuel Standard, EPA requires oil refiners and importers to annually blend different types of biofuels or buy credits from those that do. The program is crucial for the production margins of ethanol, renewable diesel and other biofuels and is popular among powerful farm-state Trump allies in Congress. EPA — required by law to set new mandates 14 months in advance of a new year — is late setting new quotas for 2026 and 2027. Even before the shutdown, the Trump administration told the DC court that developing a complicated plan to offset the impact of small refinery exemptions meant it might not be able to finalize new blend mandates until next year . Biofuel advocates fear that further delays would mean less ambitious final quotas, another hurdle for biorefineries that have cut run rates this year and for farmers hurting from this year's tariff fights. EPA has indeed been more cautious in the past when finalizing retroactive mandates since oil companies have less notice on volumes they must bring to market. Lawyers and lobbyists who closely track the program have also told Argus that delays raise the chance that major program updates — like a plan to halve program credits for fuels made abroad or from foreign feedstocks — are at least pushed back. Oil refiners have argued the half-credit idea is illegal and questioned how EPA could roll out a new feedstock tracking system in a matter of weeks. By Cole Martin Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

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Mexico inflation eases to 3.57pc in October


10/11/25
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10/11/25

Mexico inflation eases to 3.57pc in October

Mexico City, 10 November (Argus) — Mexico's inflation eased to an annual 3.57pc in October, driven by further deceleration in fruit and vegetable prices with core inflation holding steady. The consumer price index (CPI) slowed from 3.76pc in September, statistics agency Inegi said on 7 November, after accelerating from 3.51pc in July, which was the lowest annual headline inflation rate since December 2020. Core inflation, which excludes volatile food and energy prices, held unchanged 4.28pc in October, was unchanged from September. This marked a sixth month above the 4pc level — the high-end of the central bank's target inflation range. Within core, consumer goods inflation eased to 4.12pc in October from 4.19pc in September, while services quickened to 4.44pc in October from 4.36pc in the previous month. The three largest contributors to CPI in October, as weighted by Inegi, were electricity rates — with the end of seasonal subsidies, single-family home prices and airfares, the latter two components falling under services. Non-core inflation decelerated in October to 1.18pc from 2.02pc in September, slowing again after a one-month acceleration and coming close to the 2025-low of 1.14pc set in July. Fruit and vegetable prices contracted by an annualized 10.27pc in October after a 4.86pc annual contraction in September, with produce prices much lower under this year's unusually favorable climate conditions compared to the elevated prices during last year's historic droughts. Annual energy inflation in October quickened to 1.07pc from 0.36pc in September, with 5.07pc annual inflation for electricity offset by a 1.2pc annual contraction for regular-grade gasoline. Energy prices continue to experience lower inflation after Mexican president Claudia Sheinbaum in early September renewed an agreement with fuel retailers to maintain a voluntary price cap of Ps24/l ($4.93/USG) on gasoline, extending the policy for six months. The October CPI result was even with the median estimate in Citi Research's latest analyst survey. And with the result, Mexican bank Banorte is maintaining its end-2025 forecasts for headline and core inflation at 3.7pc and 4.3pc, respectively. Noting the central bank's quarter-point cut to its target interest rate on 6 November to 7.25pc and the October CPI data, Banorte said it expects cuts of similar magnitude in the December, February and March decisions, moving the target interest rate to 6.5pc. On a monthly basis, headline CPI sped up to 0.36pc in October compared to 0.23pc in September, in line with analyst expectations. Core prices accelerated to 0.29pc in October after a 0.33pc reading in September. By James Young Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

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US EPA grants more waivers from biofuel quotas


07/11/25
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07/11/25

US EPA grants more waivers from biofuel quotas

New York, 7 November (Argus) — President Donald Trump's administration today granted small refiners even more exemptions from federal biofuel blend mandates, raising the stakes of a debate about whether larger oil companies should shoulder more of the burden. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) granted two full exemptions from the program's annual blend requirements, halved obligations in response to 12 petitions, and denied two others. The agency requires oil refiners and importers to annually blend biofuels or buy credits from those who do, though small facilities that process 75,000 b/d or less can request program waivers that can save them tens of millions of dollars. The agency used the same methodology as its sweeping August decision , which responded to a historic backlog of petitions and granted most refiners some relief from years of mandates. New petitions poured in afterwards, including from refiners that had not requested waivers in years. And more decisions could come soon, with EPA committing Friday to "address new petitions as quickly as possible" and to try to meet a legal requirement to decide requests within 90 days. Farm and biofuel groups fear that widespread waivers curb demand for their products and have lobbied the Trump administration to follow through on a plan to make oil companies without exemptions blend more biofuels in future years to offset past exemptions for their smaller rivals. Particularly for higher-cost products like renewable diesel and biogas, any dip in demand can prompt biorefineries to slash output. The debate has intensified in recent weeks after a refiner granted generous exemptions in August announced plans to convert a renewable diesel unit back to crude. "The impact on biofuel and agriculture markets will be devastating" without compensating for these exemptions in future biofuel quotas, said Geoff Cooper, president of the ethanol lobby Renewable Fuels Association. EPA already planned on estimating future exemptions from 2026-2027 requirements when finalizing biofuel mandates those years. But the agency has added more work to its plate with a subsequent plan to force large oil refiners to compensate for either all or half of the biofuel volumes lost to actual and expected exemptions from 2023-2025 requirements. The impact of older exemptions is less significant since the credits are expired. The challenge for EPA is that small refiners can submit new or revised petitions at any time, including for years-old mandates. That makes it hard for EPA to accurately forecast future exemptions, and biofuel groups have feared that the agency could muddle the effects of its "reallocation" plan by underestimating volumes ultimately lost to program waivers. Indeed, EPA with its Friday decisions has already waived more requirements than it predicted earlier this year. The agency last forecast that exemptions from 2023 and 2024 mandates would amount to around 1.4bn Renewable Identification Number credits (RINs) of lost demand — but now, the waivers have already reduced obligations those years by 1.92bn RINs, according to program data. If EPA sticks to its plans, that means large refiners will have to blend an even greater share in future years than expected. But if the Trump administration waters down its reallocation idea, biofuel demand could sink more than previously forecast too. There is also the risk that EPA underestimates exemptions for the 2025 compliance year. EPA last forecast that exemptions from those requirements will amount to 780mn RINs of lost demand but has not yet decided any of the 12 pending petitions for that year. Many more requests are likely. Small refiners add to their winnings The August exemptions were a windfall for some oil companies. HF Sinclair, which owns multiple small refineries, last week reported $115mn from lower compliance costs as well as a $56mn indirect benefit from "commercial optimization" of its RIN credit position. And HF Sinclair won more Friday, winning full waivers from 2023 and 2024 biofuel mandates for the "east" section of a larger 125,000 b/d complex in Tulsa, Oklahoma that before September had not previously requested relief in at least three years. The company also won partial relief for two other units from 2021 mandates. Phillips 66 won four years of partial relief for its 66,000 b/d Montana facility, as did Big West Oil for its 35,000 b/d Utah plant. Silver Eagle won exemptions from 2023 blend mandates for two smaller units it owns in Wyoming and Utah. The only Friday denials were for Chevron's 45,000 b/d Utah refinery, which applied for the first time in years just last month. But the increasingly generous relief for small refiners is likely to provoke further backlash from larger oil companies, which argue that making them blend more biofuels is anticompetitive and illegal. EPA is months behind schedule on setting biofuel mandates for 2026 and 2027 and has a deadline Friday to tell a court more about how its reallocation plan affects its timeline. Biofuel groups have asked the court to force the agency to finalize program updates by year-end. By Cole Martin Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

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Cop: 15 nations join sustainable fuels pledge: Update


07/11/25
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07/11/25

Cop: 15 nations join sustainable fuels pledge: Update

Updates with new membership announcement Belem, 7 November (Argus) — A global effort to quadruple the global output and use of sustainable fuels by 2035 will eventually gain significantly greater international backing and provide a boost to energy transition efforts, Engie chairman Jean-Pierre Clamadieu said on Friday. A total of 15 countries joined the "Belem 4x" pledge during a world leaders' summit held on 6-7 November just ahead of the UN Cop 30 climate talks, the Brazilian government said, bringing the total backing to date to 19 nations. The "Belem 4x" pledge, which Brazil proposed in September , launched with support from three other countries — Italy, Japan and India. Clamadieu said he believes total support could grow to around 25-35 countries, if not more. "I think everyone will wait a bit before signing, because people want to study to make sure that all the aspects have been taken into account. But again, I think this pledge will have a big success," Clamadieu told reporters today on the sidelines of the summit. The Brazilian government has said global collaboration is needed to meet the Belem 4x goal and will help lower existing barriers, such as high costs, the lack of clear demand signals and the need for investment in new infrastructure. The pledge's goal is to use sustainable fuels and other technologies to help reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from electricity generation and from hard-to-abate sectors such as aviation, maritime transport and the cement and steel sectors. "We won't be able to decarbonise if we don't have green molecules that can be used as fuel," Clamadieu. The focus on sustainable fuels is a natural complement to the pledge to triple renewable energy by 2030 that 118 countries signed on to at Cop 28 in Dubai in 2023, according to Clamadieu. "I think it's really it's a bit of a missing piece today, when you look at energy transition," he said. "What was really missing in this Dubai commitment was this issue of green molecules." The countries joining Belem 4x are Armenia, Belarus, Canada, Chile, Guatemala, Guinea, Maldives, Mexico, Mozambique, Myanmar, Netherlands, Panama, South Korea, Sudan, and Zambia. By Michael Ball Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

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