Overview

Discover the global implications of Western Canada’s new Trans Mountain Expansion Pipeline (TMX) and its potential impact on your business. The pipeline provides a critical route for Canadian crude oil to reach the Pacific, reshaping crude flows, shipping logistics, and refinery operations worldwide. 

Our extensive coverage provides deep insights into TMX crude shipping routes, key stakeholders, logistical challenges, and pricing dynamics. We highlight the vital role of logistics in identifying the most cost-effective solutions for buyers. 

We have been a trusted source for crude pricing and market analysis from the US Gulf Coast to China’s Shandong province and across the globe. Our methodologies are known for their transparency and relevance, supported by the expertise of our market coverage teams. Since 2010, we have covered domestic Canadian crude markets from our Calgary office. The Argus WCS Houston price is a leading benchmark for heavy crude in the Americas, with financial futures contracts settling on it providing essential risk management tools for Canadian crude globally.   

Whether you want a quick overview or an in-depth analysis of the factors shaping the TMX crude market, Argus gives you extensive and authoritative coverage.
 

How will these prices be used?

The Argus fob Vancouver assessments for Cold Lake and High TAN provide transparency into an emerging market that aims to supply Pacific buyers of those grades in a more efficient way. These prices will be used by potential buyers to determine the competitiveness of Canadian exports our of Vancouver against those coming out of the US Gulf coast. Additionally, they will allow potential buyers to also determine where Canadian supplies stack up when compared to alternative supplies from other countries.

Once the market matures, there is also a possibility that these new assessments will be used in contracts to exchange volumes coming out of the pipeline so that participants can purchase them at the dock and either resell on the spot market or take into their own systems.

 

Latest TMX news

Browse the latest TMX news and analysis, including freight news

News
01/10/24

Canadian crude flows to US midcontinent intact post-TMX

Canadian crude flows to US midcontinent intact post-TMX

Calgary, 1 October (Argus) — Refiners in the US midcontinent continue to get ample supply of Canadian crude, even after the 590,000 b/d Trans Mountain Expansion (TMX) opened up an alternative outlet for oil sands producers. An average 2.9mn b/d of Canadian crude flowed into the US midcontinent in July, marking the highest ever rate for the same month in data going back to 1993, according to the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) this week. This is up by about 140,000 b/d compared to the prior five-year average for July. Canada's TMX pipeline went into service on 1 May, but volumes were already being drawn westward in April with the new line requiring roughly 4.4mn bl of linefill. The Trans Mountain system, now at a capacity of 890,000 b/d, opened a new frontier for oil sands operators as they target Pacific Rim markets via the Westridge Marine Terminal in Burnaby, British Columbia. That prospect suggested refiners in the US midcontinent and Gulf coast — that have healthy diets of cheap Canadian crude — may be challenged in supplying their units. But repeated delays in TMX's construction meant upstream production had time to grow higher by the time the line finally went into service. Competing Enbridge provides the largest service to the US midcontinent and beyond with its 3.1mn b/d Mainline system, which the company says was still oversubscribed in the second quarter and the continued demand to ship crude south and east has Enbridge considering yet another expansion that could be in place by late 2026. Flows into the US Gulf coast slipped to 512,000 b/d in July, down by 66,000 b/d compared to the prior five-year average for the same month. This still represents a nine-month high for the region and comparable to the 517,000 b/d in July 2023 and a signal that Canadian flows are largely intact since TMX was commissioned. Trans Mountain said in September it moved 704,000 b/d in June, the latest official figure, with slightly more than half of that sent through the Westridge Marine Terminal for export. The US west coast is among the destinations benefitting from the added Canadian supply, taking a record 498,000 b/d in July. This is double the typical volume for this time of year as it has displaced other foreign crudes and disrupted trade flows in the Pacific. All told, the US imported 4.37mn b/d of Canadian crude in July, also a new record after surpassing the previous high of 4.35mn b/d set in November last year. By Brett Holmes Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

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News

Vancouver Aframax rates climb to 2-month highs


23/09/24
News
23/09/24

Vancouver Aframax rates climb to 2-month highs

Houston, 23 September (Argus) — Aframax rates for Canadian crude oil exports from Vancouver rose to two-month highs last week after more direct shipments to Asia-Pacific and four fuel-oil cargoes exported from California cleared out tonnage. The Vancouver-US west coast Aframax rate rose on 20 September to Worldscale (WS) 155, or $2.03/bl for Cold Lake crude, the highest since 18 July, according to Argus data, after Shell provisionally booked a vessel at that level for a shipment to the Pacific Area Lightering zone (PAL) loading in early October. Similarly, the Aframax rate for a direct shipment from Vancouver to China on 20 September was $3mn lumpsum, or $5.49/bl for Cold Lake, the highest since 25 July, according to Argus data. Since 20 August, 10 Aframaxes have hauled crude from Vancouver to destinations in Asia-Pacific, including China, Japan, South Korea and Brunei, with one more such export possible by the end of September, ship tracking data from Vortexa show, compared with just nine in May-July. The rise in direct Vancouver-Asia shipments has coincided with four rare fuel oil cargoes exported on Aframaxes from Chevron's 245,000 b/d Richmond, California, refinery to destinations across the Pacific. Those exports came after a possible unplanned shutdown at one of the refinery's secondary units, traders said. One of those Aframaxes, the Shell-operated Pacific Ruby , carried Vancouver crude to the US west coast three times since the Trans Mountain Expansion (TMX) came online in May. Aframaxes in the "dirty" tanker fleet can load crude oil or fuel oil cargoes. Direct transpacific shipments remove vessels from the west coast North America market for about 45 days. Muted activity at PAL With more crude going directly to east Asia, no ship-to-ship transfers of Vancouver oil onto very large crude carriers (VLCCs) have occurred since 25 August, Vortexa data show, likely due to a rise in VLCC rates. The rate for a VLCC voyage from the US west coast to China was $3.35mn lumpsum on 20 September, a rate last reached on 20 August and prior to that in May. All-in, the cost to reverse lighter three 550,000 bl shipments of Cold Lake crude from Vancouver onto a VLCC at PAL, then ship to China, was $8.38mn, or $5.11/bl, on 20 September, including $150,000 ship-to-ship transfer costs at PAL, 15 days of VLCC demurrage and three days of Aframax demurrage for each reverse lightering. By Tray Swanson Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

News

TMX is a fossil fuel subsidy of at least C$8.7bn: IISD


18/09/24
News
18/09/24

TMX is a fossil fuel subsidy of at least C$8.7bn: IISD

Calgary, 18 September (Argus) — Canada's newest crude pipeline to the country's west coast amounts to a fossil fuel subsidy of at least C$8.7bn ($6.4bn), a research and policy think-tank said. The federal government is unlikely to recover its C$34bn investment to construct the 590,000 b/d Trans Mountain Expansion (TMX) connecting oil producers in Alberta to the Pacific coast, qualifying the project as a major subsidy for the fossil fuel industry, according to the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) on Wednesday. This runs contrary to the government's policy to eliminate direct support for the oil and gas sector , a goal Justin Trudeau's Liberals said was achieved in 2023. The government was the first G20 country to hit this milestone, following a 2009 commitment by the group to reach the goal by 2025. The subsidy as it relates to TMX could be as high as C$18.7bn, the Canadian non-profit said, but noted the entire amount could still be recovered by increasing tolls and/or implementing a levy. This levy could be against either all producers, or all shippers, of crude in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin (WCSB), whether they use TMX or not, the IISD suggested. About 90pc of Canada's crude production comes from western Canada, with much of that derived from Alberta's oil sands region. "A levy in the range of C$1-2/bl . . . over a 10-year period would be sufficient to recover the entire cost of the subsidy and the loss to the Canadian taxpayer," according to the IISD. Alternatively, fixed tolls on TMX would need to be more than doubled to C$24.53/bl from C$11.37/bl to recover all capital costs for the line that went into service on 1 May this year, according to IISD's figures. Variable tolls would be added to this. The terms in the original contracts signed between shippers and then-owner Kinder Morgan were no longer appropriate as they did not reflect the rising risks of the project, said the IISD. Kinder Morgan suspended the project in 2018, which led to the Canadian government buying both the expansion project and the original 300,000 b/d Trans Mountain line from US midstream company that same year. The federal government has maintained its plan to sell the pipeline once operational, but the final tolls are yet to be determined. Whether the operator or shippers will bear the brunt of the massive cost overruns is also still unknown. Tolls, representing cash flows for any prospective buyer, will help dictate the price that the expanded Trans Mountain system will fetch. The IISD suggests a sale price is likely to be between C$17.6bn-26.6bn, resulting in a net loss to the government of between C$8.9bn-18bn assuming its cost of investment climbs to nearly C$36bn before a sale is reached. But despite warnings by opponents it would go underused, TMX has been as advertised, opening a new frontier for oil sands operators and disrupting trade flows throughout the Pacific Rim. By Brett Holmes Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

News

US oil exports: WTI mixed while TMX rises


13/09/24
News
13/09/24

US oil exports: WTI mixed while TMX rises

Houston, 13 September (Argus) — US light sweet waterborne spot crude prices were mixed over the week as Asian buying interest firms. WTI loading 15-45 days forward at the US Gulf coast narrowed its discount to December Ice Brent by 50¢/bl to 93¢/bl. The free-on-board (fob) value weakened by 4¢/bl against the secondary coastal crude benchmark WTI Houston to a 26¢/bl midpoint premium as October-loading differentials were mostly unchanged due to a major industry event happening in Singapore this week. Demand for WTI climbed a bit earlier in the week as Asia-Pacific refiners stepped up their purchases of October-loading WTI prior to the start of S&P's Asia Pacific Petroleum Conference (APPEC) conference this week in Singapore. It was unclear whether the pace of Asian buying would continue after this week. Asian buyers typically seek WTI supplies around two weeks earlier than European customers. Prior to the spike in Asian buying of WTI, Chinese demand had been relatively weak, although delegates at the Singapore conference said this demand weakness was overstated. Chinese oil demand growth is slowing but has not yet peaked, while growth in the use of naphtha and jet fuel is offsetting declines in motor fuel consumption, delegates heard at the Argus Asia-Pacific Oil Markets Forum on 10 September. The growth in the use of naphtha and jet fuel is offsetting declines in motor fuel consumption. The slowdown in oil demand growth is attributed to signs of weakness in the Chinese economy and the country's push for electric vehicles. Despite the slowdown, some experts believe that the weakness in Chinese oil demand is being exaggerated, and they view China as a maturing market with lower growth like other OECD countries. Elsewhere, tanker freight rates are expected to increase in the coming months due to a recovery in demand for dirty tankers, according to delegates at the Appec conference in Singapore. The rates for clean tanker freight fell in the third quarter due to competition from dirty tankers, but there has been a recent increase in demand for dirty tankers, hinting at a general recovery in the fourth-quarter rates. Americas Pacific coast Values for Canadian crude exported via the 590,000 b/d Trans Mountain Expansion (TMX) pipeline strengthened amid volatility in the underlying futures market. Free-on-board (fob) High-tan crude exported from Vancouver strengthened 10¢/bl to a $10.53/bl discount to January Ice Brent, while Cold Lake fob Vancouver rose 20¢/bl to a $9.55/bl discount against the benchmark. Ice Brent crude futures prices fell below $70/bl during the week, the first time since late 2021. This decline came after low Chinese crude imports in July and the delay by OPEC+ alliance members to increase output. Despite disruptions to Libyan crude output, the prices continued to fall. OPEC's research arm remains bullish on oil demand, while some trading firm executives suggested that prices may need to fall further to stimulate demand. Analysts and traders are factoring in the softness in China, the impending Federal Reserve easing cycle in the US, and mixed messages from OPEC. Elsewhere, sections of the 622,000 b/d Keystone crude pipeline remain at reduced pressure since a spill nearly two years ago, but its operator is making strides to have those restrictions potentially removed. TC Energy's Keystone pipeline is a major thoroughfare for Canadian heavy crude destined for the US midcontinent and Gulf coast, but a rupture in December 2022 took the cross-border pipeline off line for more than three weeks. Service was mostly restored in the months following the incident, but more crude could likely be moved down the line if pressure restrictions are lifted. Canada's west coast now exports more Canadian crude than the US Gulf coast after the startup of the TMX pipeline. Lifted restrictions on the Keystone pipeline could potentially disrupt crude flows through TMX. By Andrea Agee and Rachel McGuire Planned US crude export cargoes Tanker name Size Charterer Destination Laycan Asia-Pacific Front Forth VLCC Phillips 66 China 7-14 September 2024 C. Earnest VLCC Mercuria China 7-14 September 2024 Khurais VLCC Unipec China 10-14 September 2024 Ilma VLCC SK Energy South Korea 15 September 2024 Legio X Equestris VLCC Aramco Trading Singapore 15 September 2024 Plata Glory VLCC Phillips 66 Taiwan and/or South Korea 19 September 2024 Seamajesty Suezmax Shell Singapore 19 September 2024 Dht Sundarabans VLCC ExxonMobil Singapore 24 September 2024 Yasa Scorpion VLCC Unpiec China 25-30 September 2024 Basrah VLCC Unipec China 30 September 2024 New Corolla VLCC Hyundai Oil Bank South Korea 3-5 October 2024 Front Alta VLCC Shell South Korea 5 October 2024 Cosflying Lake VLCC BP Singapore 8 October 224 Celeste Nova VLCC Chevron South Korea 8 October 224 Landbridge Glory VLCC Equinor Asia-Pacific 13 October 2024 Front Tana VLCC SK Energy South Korea 13 October 2024 Hillah VLCC PTT Ningbo, China 15 October 2024 Sinokor TBN VLCC Occidental Petroleum Asia-Pacific 16 October 2024 Europe Andromeda VLCC BP Europe 8-14 September 2024 Seaways Endeavor VLCC ExxonMobil Europe 14 September 2024 Levantine Sea Aframax Chevron Europe 15 September 2024 Seatribute Aframax BP Europe 15 September 2024 Yuan Bei Hai Suezmax Equinor Europe 15 September 2024 Arctic Suezmax BP Europe 18 September, 2024 Aegean Horizon Suezmax Vitol Europe 18-19 September 2024 Morning Hope VLCC ExxonMobil Europe 21 September 2024 Eagle Veracruz VLCC ExxonMobil Europe 27 September 2024 Cobalt Nova VLCC BP Europe 13-17 October 2024 Americas and misc. Front Shanghai Suezmax Energy Transfer Porto Sudeste, Brazil 13-14 September 2024 Green Adventure Aframax Chevron East Coast Canada 15 September 2024 Seaways Frio Suezmax Petrobras Brazil 21 September 2024 Shipping fixture reports Select US crude cargoes in transit Tanker name Size Loading window Destination ETA Asia-Pacific Houston Voyager VLCC 22-24 July 2024 Maoming, China Alongside Seavoice VLCC 20-24 July 2024 Ulsan, South Korea 15 September 2024 Dht Panther VLCC 11-16 July 2024 Kaohsiung, Taiwan 16 September 2024 Arsan VLCC 19-25 July 2024 Daesan, South Korea 16 September 2024 Dht Osprey VLCC 23-27 July 2024 Taoyuan, Taiwan 17 September 2024 Xin Long Yang VLCC 29 July 2024 - 3 August 2024 Paradip, India 20 September 2024 Maxim VLCC 26-29 July 2024 Kaohsiung, Taiwan 22 September 2024 Halcyon VLCC 2-6 August 2024 South Korea 27 September 2024 Cap Victor Suezmax 5-7 August 2024 Mumbai, India 28 September 2024 Advantage Verdict VLCC 12-16 August 2024 Singapore 5 October 2024 Cosnew Lake VLCC 13-18 August 2024 Yeosu, South Korea 9 October 2024 DHT Redwood VLCC 15-18 August 2024 Asia-Pacific 10 October 2024 Maharah VLCC 15-21 August 2024 Daesan, South Korea 12 October 2024 Maran Thaleia VLCC 16-21 August 2024 China 13 October 2024 Vl Brilliant VLCC 21-26 August 2024 Kaohsiung, Taiwan 17 October 2024 Dias I VLCC 23-27 August 2024 Geoje, South Korea 17 October 2024 Amphitrite VLCC 27-31 August 2024 Singapore 19 October 2024 Great Lady VLCC 30 August - 3 September 2024 Singapore 25 October 2024 Dijilah VLCC 3-6 September 2024 Mumbai, India 27 October 2024 Europe Ithaki DF Aframax 27-28 August 2024 Fos, France 16 September 2024 Seagrace Suezmax 29-31 August 2024 Immingham, United Kingdom 17 September 2024 Minerva Nounou Aframax 30-31 August 2024 Rotterdam, The Netherlands 17 September 2024 Achilleas Suezmax 30-31 August 2024 Rotterdam, The Netherlands 18 September, 2024 Eagle Ventura VLCC 28 August - 4 September Rotterdam, The Netherlands 20 September 2024 Nordic Zenith Suezmax 30 August - 2 September Wilhelmshaven, Germany 21 September 2024 Horten VLCC 31 August - 5 September 2024 Rotterdam, The Netherlands 22 September 2024 Drepanos Aframax 3-5 September 2024 Immingham, United Kingdom 23 September 2024 Atlantic Suezmax 29 August - 1 September 2024 Trieste, Italy 23 September 2024 Sola TS Aframax 6-8 September 2024 A Coruña, Spain 24 September 2024 Front Ull Suezmax 5-7 September 2024 Wilhelmshaven, Germany 25 September, 2024 Atlantic Emerald Aframax 7-9 September 2024 Spain 26 September 2024 Crude Zephyrus Suezmax 3-4 September 2024 Ancona, Italy 26 September 2024 Grimstad Aframax 9-11 September 2024 Rotterdam, The Netherlands 29 September 2024 Nordic Vega Suezmax 3-4 September 2024 Porvoo, Finland 29 September 2024 Minerva Libra Aframax 7-9 September 2024 Milazzo, Italy 30 September 2024 Kpler and Vortexa Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

News

Asia has TMX option as heavy crudes tighten: PetroChina


10/09/24
News
10/09/24

Asia has TMX option as heavy crudes tighten: PetroChina

Singapore, 10 September (Argus) — The recently expanded 590,000 b/d Trans Mountain Expansion (TMX) pipeline's start-up has improved Asian refiners' access to heavy Canadian crude at a time when supplies of such grades have tightened, PetroChina International's chief economist Wu Qiunan said. The TMX pipeline has cut the shipping time to export crude from Canada's west coast to Asia-Pacific to "only 19 days compared with the US Gulf [coast] which is basically 45 days," Wu said at the S&P Global Commodity Insights Appec conference in Singapore on 9 September. This "opens a very good option for Asia to receive more from Canada". Wu pointed out that the Middle East is seen as the "natural supply" source of crude for Asian refiners, but the freight distance to ship crude from the region is now similar to shipping crude from Canada's west coast. Canadian crude exported from the TMX pipeline is also heavy, while supplies of similar-quality crude from the Mideast have become tighter because of Opec+ production cuts. This meant that Asian refiners will "find value" for such heavy grades. Canadian crude is also not cheap and in fact has found "a fair price", Wu said. Asian demand will continue to grow in importance against the prospect of increasing production from the Americas, including from Guyana and Brazil. Asian demand has been key in soaking up the growth of US production and exports, Norway's state-controlled Equinor's senior vice-president for crude products and liquids Alex Grant said, with Asian oil demand and US supply growth sharing a "symbiotic" relationship. But the potential production increase from the Americas brings uncertainty to the outlook for US shale growth, especially with the current negative sentiment over oil demand growth. "We know there's going to be a lot of sources of [supply] growth coming in the next year or two, no matter what the price," Grant said. "So, the big question is what happens to US shale growth?" By Fabian Ng Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

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