E-VAC secures $335mn for US permanent magnet plant

Spanish Market: Battery materials, Metals
05/09/24

Battery technology manufacturer E-VAC Magnetics secured $335mn in funding to help construct its facility in South Carolina, where it plans on producing neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB) permanent magnets starting in 2025.

The non-recourse financing — announced Thursday — was obtained by US-based private equity firm Ara Partners, which owns E-VAC's German-based parent company Vacuumschmelze (VAC).

The plant, which is scheduled to come on line in fall 2025, primarily will support several models of General Motors' (GM) line of electric vehicles (EV) over a 10-year period. GM and VAC entered into a binding supply agreement in September 2023, under which the latter agreed to build a manufacturing facility in North America.

E-VAC will source rare earths and other raw materials from local sources, it has said. The company has received over $200mn from the US Defense Department and US Energy Department for the project, as the US seeks to reduce its reliance on China for critical components needed for defense and electrification applications.

The company also signed a deal to recycle permanent magnets through Cyclic Materials, helping to create a circular supply chain for rare earth elements in North America.

By Alex Nicoll

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04/10/24

EU BEV industry requires CO2 targets and tariffs: T&E

London, 4 October (Argus) — European carmakers will lose market share of battery electric vehicle (BEV) sales in Europe to Chinese-owned competitors unless the EU imposes planned CO2 targets alongside tariffs, according to lobby group Transport & Environment (T&E). The European Commission announced today that it will go ahead with provisional tariffs on Chinese-made EVs. T&E forecasts that imports of Chinese-owned brands will account for over 12pc of the EU BEV market this year, up from 8pc last year, while imports of non-Chinese brands will edge up to 13pc from 12pc ( see graph ). And if the EU does not impose its planned reduction targets on CO2 emissions, imports of Chinese-owned brands of BEVs are set to rise to almost 15pc, while non-Chinese brands will continue to hover at around 13pc. The EU's CO2 target sets out that all carmakers must achieve net zero CO2 emissions by 2035 across each fleet of sales, with milestones in place before 2035, starting next year. But the legislation has been under scrutiny lately, which has prompted pushback from a number of firms seeking stability. "The path to 2035, including specific CO2 milestones, was established in 2014 and 2019," Paris-based charging start-up Electra's chief executive Aurelien De Meaux said. "We rely on this stability to make informed and effective investments and ask the legislator to not change the rules during the game." The rising market share of Chinese-owned BEV brands would be tempered if the EU maintained its CO2 targets, according to T&E, as European firms would be incentivised to focus on selling affordable BEVs to hit carbon neutral targets instead of focusing on selling more profitable internal combustion engine models. A separate analysis by consultancy Rhodium Group found that the profit margins of Chinese-owned brands when imported to Germany will still largely exceed the cost of the EU's newly proposed tariffs, suggesting that tariffs alone are insufficient to protect western EV makers ( see graph ). And imported models from western carmakers Tesla and BMW, occupying the bottom three bars of the graph, are all set to become unprofitable once tariffs are imposed, illustrating that the EU's tariffs may do more harm than good to western carmakers with plants in China, such as BMW. In response, China has considered imposing retaliatory tariffs on other goods. Chinese carmakers have also mulled the possibility of building EV plants overseas ( see graph ). Since 2022, 11 plants in the EU have been planned, although only three have passed the planning phase, owing to the uncertainty over tariffs from the EU. Chinese-owned plants planned elsewhere have been more successful at reaching the construction phase. The market is similarly unclear on battery production, according to T&E, with 59pc of announced production capacity "less likely" to go ahead by 2030. T&E deems a further 10pc "more likely", with 15pc currently under construction and just 17pc of announced capacity currently operating. By Chris Welch Percentage of the EU BEV market imported from China, by brand pc Profit margin of Chinese-made EVs when sold to Germany, by brand pc Status of Chinese EV plants by region since 2022 Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

US tops expectations with 254,000 jobs in Sep

04/10/24

US tops expectations with 254,000 jobs in Sep

Houston, 4 October (Argus) — The US added more jobs than expected in September and the unemployment rate ticked down, signs the labor market is strengthening heading into the US presidential election. US nonfarm payrolls rose by 254,000 workers last month, and the jobless rate fell to 4.1pc, the Labor Department reported Friday. Gains in August were revised up by 17,000 to 159,000 and those in July were revised up by 55,000 to 144,000. September's job gains were much higher than the 140,000 estimated by economists in a Trading Economics survey. Job gains blew past expectations in the same month the Federal Reserve began cutting interest rates for the first time since 2020, citing concerns that a weakening labor market might pull down the overall economy. Odds of a quarter point rate cut at the next Fed meeting in November rose to 91pc today from about 68pc Thursday, according to fed funds futures markets, while odds of a half-point cut fell to 9pc. The Fed last month penciled in 50 basis points of cuts in the remainder of this year. Job gains were higher than the average monthly gains of 203,000 over the prior 12 months, the Labor Department reported. Employment continued to move higher in food services and drinking establishments, health care, government, social assistance and construction. The labor market was little affected by Hurricane Francine, which made landfall in Louisiana on 11 September, during the reference periods for the surveys that contribute to the report. Gains in restaurants and drinking places rose by 69,000 jobs, much higher than the average 14,000 added over the prior 12 months. Health care added 45,000 jobs, below the monthly average of 57,000. Government added 31,000 compared with monthly averages of 45,000. Social assistance added 27,000. Construction added 25,000, near the monthly average. Manufacturing lost 7,000 jobs, most of them in the auto industry. The unemployment rate fell from 4.2pc in August, still higher than the five-decade low of 3.4pc posted in early 2023. Average hourly earnings rose by 4pc in the 12 months through September, up from 3.8pc through August. By Bob Willis Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Europe to keep using NPI until CBAM: Anglo American

04/10/24

Europe to keep using NPI until CBAM: Anglo American

London, 4 October (Argus) — Europe's stainless steel producers will continue to import and use nickel pig iron (NPI) until the EU's carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM) enters its definitive period in 2026, according to John Eastwood, major nickel mining group Anglo American's head of sales, stainless and specialty steel raw materials. A region-wide scarcity of stainless steel scrap and rising raw material costs drove European mills to pivot to using the cheaper and more carbon-intensive Indonesian NPI this year, with imports equating to 10,000t of nickel metal content in January-July, according to Red Door Research managing director Jim Lennon. A European trading firm told Argus this week that Spanish producer Acerinox, ramping up production after a five-month strike-related outage this year, has also committed to using NPI as input feedstock. Speaking on the sidelines of the Nickel Institute Seminar during LME Week on 2 October, Eastwood said this trend will not die down in the near term despite recent falls in scrap prices, with only CBAM — the EU's tax measure to limit carbon leakage within the region and support its long-term climate goals — being a likely deterrent. Currently in its trial phase before full planned implementation in 2026, CBAM requires European importers to offset the CO2 emissions linked with the production of the goods purchased overseas by buying emissions certificates. Scrap suppliers in Europe are waiting as they realise they cannot compete with NPI, with the downside to prices likely to be limited as a result, Eastwood said. The Argus assessment for stainless steel scrap 304 (18-8) solids cif Rotterdam has fallen by nearly 20pc since 22 August and was last at an average €1,175/t. The European stainless steel industry is facing a severe downturn with real demand set to shrink for a third straight year in 2025. Flat producers in particular are operating at well below capacity amid low downstream service centre demand, and Eastwood foresees no change to fundamentals until the second half of 2025. "The problem is not profitability, the problem is there is excess capacity," Eastwood said. "We had Acerinox out of the market for months this year, but it made little difference to the market and prices. Despite a shortage of scrap, there was no impact on our ferro-nickel sales, which tells you how weak the market is." Eastwood believes the second half of 2025 is when demand might recover as the effect of improving macros and easing monetary policy will start to kick in. CBAM has come under intense criticism from European stainless steel producers given that it does not include scope 3 emissions while imposing taxes on selected upstream raw materials, with many producers simply viewing it as a protectionist measure that is fast-tracking de-industrialisation. Eastwood echoed this sentiment and stressed on reform, but said the industry had now accepted that it was here to stay. "There are many holes [in CBAM]. It includes ferro-nickel but leaves out refined nickel, for example," he said. "It is not uniform for the whole supply chain. Average CBAM costs are about $1,000/t of nickel. It is not clear who will pay this." Anglo American's projections peg the class 1 nickel market as the sole provider of market surpluses in the coming years, with the Asian class 2 market, including NPI and ferro-nickel, balanced and even tight, Eastwood said. Nickel prices on the LME are expected to move similarly in 2025 relative to this year. "The wider surplus story is here to stay," Eastwood said. "The story about nickel rocketing up is over. We do not expect much change." Eastwood noted freight costs as a significant limiting factor for the stainless steel industry next year, curbing imports of finished stainless steel into Europe. "Freight prices have been astronomical, and we expect it to remain the same next year," he said. "These costs will weigh heavily on trading, whether imports or otherwise." By Raghav Jain Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Dockworkers end US port strike

03/10/24

Dockworkers end US port strike

Houston, 3 October (Argus) — US dockworkers have ended a port strike that had shut container terminals from Maine to Texas, after their union late Thursday struck a tentative agreement on wages. The International Longshoremen's Association (ILA) has agreed to extend its contract with the United States Maritime Alliance (USMX) until 15 January to provide time for negotiating the remaining outstanding issues, the ILA said in a statement. The USMX includes containership owners, terminal operators and port associations. "Effective immediately, all current job actions will cease and all work covered by the master contract will resume," the ILA said. The strike, which started on 1 October, had forced containership operators to queue up outside US east coast ports. Major container shipping agencies such as Maersk had initiated surcharges for US east coast and Gulf coast-bound containers later in October. By Jack Kaskey Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

US light vehicle sales surged in September

03/10/24

US light vehicle sales surged in September

Houston, 3 October (Argus) — Domestic sales of light vehicles rebounded in September, increasing to a seasonally adjusted rate of 15.8mn on the strength of greater truck purchases. Sales of light vehicles — trucks and cars — rose from a seasonally adjusted annual of rate 15.3mn in August, the Bureau of Economic Analysis reported today. Sales have whipsawed the previous four months, but September's rate largely was in line with the 15.7mn unit rate in September 2023. The US Federal Reserve last month cut its target rate for the first time since 2020, bringing it down by 50 basis points from its 23-year highs as inflation has been easing. Lower inflation and Fed easing, which ripples across credit markets, make it more affordable for people to purchase new vehicles. Fed policymakers have penciled in another 150 basis points worth of cuts through 2025, as they hope to head off any weakening in the labor market that could scuttle the wider economy. Higher overall sentiment about the US economy, fueled by a robust 3pc growth in gross domestic product (GDP) in the second quarter, healthy labor conditions and consumer spending also have encouraged consumers to spend. Sequentially, light truck sales increased by 3.1pc to a 12.8mn unit rate in September, while sales of cars rose by 4.4pc to a 3mn unit rate in the same time period. By Alex Nicoll Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

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