US Fed holds rate, signals possible September cut

: Metals, Natural gas, Oil products
24/07/31

The US Federal Reserve kept its target interest rate unchanged at a 23-year high today while signaling a September rate cut "could be on the table" if inflation continues on its easing trajectory.

The Fed's Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) held the federal funds target rate unchanged at 5.25-5.5pc. The Fed has held rates unchanged since July 2023 after hiking them by 5.25 percentage points from March 2022 in the steepest course of hikes in four decades.

"We're getting closer to the point at which it will be appropriate to begin to dial back restriction," Fed chairman Jerome Powell said after the meeting. "If we get the data that we hope we get, a reduction in the policy rate could be on the table at the September meeting."

The decision to keep rates steady was widely expected.

Following today's meeting, the FedWatch tool, which tracks fed funds futures trading, projected an 81.6pc probability of a quarter point cut at the September FOMC meeting and an 18.2pc chance of a half point cut, compared with 86.3pc chance of a quarter point cut and a 13.2pc probability of a half point cut a day earlier.

The Fed has been battling to rein in inflation, which saw the consumer price index surge to a four-decade high of 9.1pc in June 2022 because of supply chain disruptions caused by the global economic reopening following the Covid-19 pandemic.The Fed's favorite inflation gauge, the Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) price index, fell to an annual 2.5pc in June, close to the Fed's long range target of 2pc. The unemployment rate has risen to 4.1pc in June from 3.5pc in July last year.

By Bob Willis

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25/05/12

Naphtha no longer competitive feedstock: Braskem

Sao Paulo, 12 May (Argus) — Brazil-based petrochemical producer Braskem is pursuing a strategic shift in polymers production by favoring natural gas liquid (NGL) feedstocks and moving away from naphtha. Naphtha is no longer a competitive feedstock in the petrochemical sector, driving the need for greater flexibility in raw material sourcing, chief executive Roberto Ramos said Monday on the company's first-quarter earnings call. The transition to lighter feedstocks is part of a broader initiative to enhance efficiency, reduce costs, and improve competitiveness amid evolving global petrochemical dynamics, Ramos said. The company's plan focuses on increasing the use of ethane and propane as primary feedstocks in Mexico and Brazil. In Mexico, Braskem has inaugurated an ethane import terminal, which will provide a stable supply to its operations. The facility has the capacity to store 80,000 b/d of ethane, while the polyethylene (PE) plant processes 66,000 b/d. This surplus storage has prompted considerations for a new PE unit in Mexico to maximize the available feedstock. In Brazil, Braskem aims to reduce reliance on naphtha-based PE production by integrating more natural gas-derived inputs. The company is evaluating projects to utilize feedstocks sourced from shale gas extracted in Argentina's Vaca Muerta formation. The petrochemical complex in Rio Grande do Sul, which operates with a mixture of naphtha and natural gas, is among the facilities targeted for increased gas utilization. Braskem's Rio de Janeiro facility is also undergoing expansion of its gas-based assets, adding two new furnaces that crack ethane and propane to increase capacity to 700,000 t/yr. This increased production is anticipated to lower unit production costs and improve profitability. The move to gas-based production is expected to optimize operations and align Braskem's facilities with cost-effective supply chains, Ramos said. The shift comes as global trade dynamics continue to influence raw material availability. While US-China trade agreements have temporarily eased tariff pressures, Braskem is trying to position itself to navigate long-term supply chain uncertainties by diversifying its production inputs. Ramos has also indicated potential investments in ethanol dehydration technology, which would allow select facilities to convert ethanol into ethylene, further supporting PE production with an alternative renewable feedstock. Production and sales Braskem said its first-quarter domestic resin sales fell by 4pc from the same period in 2024, but sales were little changed from the prior quarter. Domestic resin sales totalled 807,000 metric tonnes (t) in the first quarter, down from 839,000t a year earlier. Resin sales volumes remained in line with the fourth quarter last year, but the company highlighted a quarter-on-quarter increase in PE and polypropylene (PP) sales volumes of 2pc and 3pc, respectively, offset by a 16pc reduction in PVC sales. In Mexico, Braskem Idesa's PE sales fell by 11pc from the same period in 2024 and by 5pc quarter-on-quarter, as the company is looking to manage inventory ahead of a planned maintenance shutdown in the second quarter. The plant utilization rate reached 79pc, rising from the fourth quarter on higher ethane availability through the Fast Track solution. But utilization fell by four percentage points year-on-year, mainly due to reduced supply of ethane from Mexico's Pemex. Braskem posted a first-quarter profit of $114mn, rebounding from a loss of $273mn a year earlier and a loss of $967mn in the fourth quarter last year. By Fred Fernandes Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Russia urges decision on Bolivia Li deal

25/05/12

Russia urges decision on Bolivia Li deal

Sao Paulo, 12 May (Argus) — The Russian ambassador to Bolivia today criticized what he described as Bolivian government stalling of a $970mn lithium concession deal with Russian-backed Uranium One Group. Dmitry Verchenko, in an interview with Bolivian state outlet Agencia Boliviana de Información, said the Bolivian congress is taking an "excessive" amount of time to reach a decision on the $970mn lithium concession deal signed in September 2024. The concession deal included the production of 14,000 metric tonnes (t)/yr of lithium carbonate equivalent (LCE) from the Uyuni salt flat — the largest lithium reserve in the world at 23mn t. Verchenko said that Uranium One, a subsidiary of state-owned atomic energy agency Rosatom, will build a pilot plant capable of producing 1,000t/yr LCE as soon as possible and follow up with gradual expansions. The project — which is still unnamed — will be the country's first direct lithium extraction (DLE) plant, a brine processing method that reduces LCE production time and water usage. Bolivian energy minister Alejandro Gallardo last month urged congress to approve both Russia's and China's CBC concession deals , but still no progress has been made. Congress in February said that it would only discuss the two deals after a nationwide round of public consultations that remains unscheduled. Political uncertainty delays Bolivia's Li hopes There is no forecast of when or if the concessions may be approved because Bolivia's congress is deeply divided between allies and political opponents of Luis Arce, the current president. Neither faction has the required majority for the bills to pass. The country will hold a presidential election in August and market participants expect a congressional vote on the matter may be pushed to next year because of uncertainty in the current polling ahead of the election. Russia looks further afield Verchenko added that Russian and Uranium One are waiting on the approval of the concession deal despite neighboring Argentina and Chile rapidly developing their lithium markets. Given the delay, Russia is already looking for alternative lithium solutions in Latin America with Brazil emerging as a potential partner . Following an in-person meeting with Russian president Vladimir Putin on 10 May, Brazilian president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva confirmed that Brazil is actively seeking to collaborate with Russia to extract spodumene from the country's so-called Lithium Valley, a lithium-rich region located in the state of Minas Gerais. Bolivia's 2024 lithium carbonate output stood at 1,832t . By Pedro Consoli Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Ukrainian gas imports double in May

25/05/12

Ukrainian gas imports double in May

London, 12 May (Argus) — Ukraine's gas imports have nearly doubled in the first 10 days of May from April, although still only the Polish and Hungarian routes are being used. Ukraine's net imports — after netting off inflows and outflows to and from Moldova — averaged 140 GWh/d on 1-10 May, nearly double the 73 GWh/d average in April, the latest available data from transmission system operators show. The increase has been driven by flows from Hungary at VIP Bereg rising to near full capacity of 103 GWh/d from 60 GWh/d, and a smaller 12 GWh/d increase from Poland ( see flows graph ). Net flows to Moldova also fell to 13 GWh/d from 23 GWh/d, leaving more gas in Ukraine. But imports would need to ramp up significantly to match the 4.6bn m³ that state-owned incumbent Naftogaz estimated would be needed over the entire summer. If Ukrainian net imports remain at 140 GWh/d until 15 October, around the typical start of the heating season, then cumulative net imports would reach around 22TWh, or around 2.1bn m³ using Ukraine's standard 10.5 kWh/m³ conversion rate. VIP Bereg is already flowing at near maximum capacity, as is the interconnection point with Poland, meaning that any additional flows will need to arrive from Slovakia at Budince or from Romania at Isaccea, both particularly expensive transit routes. Demand for third-quarter capacity along the Bereg route continues to outstrip available capacity, with the auction now in its sixth day and still not concluded. So far, Naftogaz has announced few public supply deals, although it has contracted 300mn m³ of LNG from Poland's Orlen , with some market participants saying Orlen would supply as much as 1bn m³. The firm has €410mn in funds from the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development , which it hopes will finance the purchase of around 1bn m³. But it is unclear where funding for additional purchases will come from, and the government does not intend to increase household or business tariffs to cover Naftogaz's higher costs. Even if Ukraine imports as much as Naftogaz said it will need, the country could still face shortages in the winter . Ukraine started the injection season in mid-April at the lowest stock level in at least a decade , and while Naftogaz managed to restore more than half of the output it lost in February following attacks on its production infrastructure, Ukrainian production still remains well below pre-2022 levels. Hungary maintains pivotal hub role Hungary has become an increasingly important transit hub over the past year, and Ukraine's import needs have increased its prominence further. With VIP Bereg at a 99pc utilisation rate this month and continued exports northward to Slovakia, Hungary has been pulling in more gas from other sources to maintain these flows. Inflows from Serbia at Horgos, where Russian gas arrives into Hungary through Turkish Stream, rose to 244 GWh/d on 1-10 May from 223 GWh/d in April, just below the point's technical capacity of 246 GWh/d. And inflows from Austria have also increased considerably, rising to 139 GWh/d from 92 GWh/d, while receipts from Romania more than doubled to 40 GWh/d from 19 GWh/d ( see Hungarian flows graph ). Hungarian prompt prices have risen to a premium over Austria and Romania in order to attract more gas ( see prices graph ). Slovakia remains at a premium to Hungary, though, driven by the need to incentivise flows from Hungary now that Russian transit through Ukraine has ceased. Hungarian transmission tariffs remain significantly cheaper than in Slovakia or Romania, so demand for Hungarian capacity at quarterly auctions last week held strong . The bookings suggest that the recent flow configuration is set to continue in the second half of summer, with all import capacity from Serbia booked and most available capacity from Austria. The export route from Romania to Ukraine remains unpopular, not just because of the high transmission tariffs paid in Romania and Moldova, but also because of the conditional nature of the flows. An equal amount of gas must be brought into Romania at Negru Voda 1 as is exported at Isaccea 1, as they are part of the same Trans-Balkan Pipeline string. Additionally, anyone hoping to bring gas from Greece or Bulgaria up to Ukraine must secure capacity in as many as 10 or more auctions, which take place simultaneously given that the transit route crosses in and out of Moldova several times. Even one failed auction could make exports along this route impossible. By Brendan A'Hearn Hungarian DA vs nearby markets €/MWh Ukrainian net flows by point GWh Hungarian net flows by point GWh Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

EU, UK diesel imports from Mideast, India fall in April

25/05/12

EU, UK diesel imports from Mideast, India fall in April

London, 12 May (Argus) — Arrivals of diesel and other gasoil in the EU and UK edged lower in April, with high imports from Saudi Arabia's port of Yanbu not fully making up for lower supply from the Mideast Gulf and India. Data from Vortexa show total arrivals at 4.3mn t, lower by 3pc from March on a daily average basis and by 7pc on the year. The Mideast Gulf is the region that has supplied the most to the EU and UK so far this year, stepping up to fill a gap created by weak US arrivals. But market participants said the arbitrage from the Mideast Gulf was shut for most of April. Arrivals from the Mideast Gulf were around 1mn t, dropping by 24pc on a daily average basis from March but only marginally falling from April 2024. Exports from the region probably fell because of maintenance at the 400,000 b/d Rabigh refinery. Geopolitical tensions may have harmed transit through the Bab el-Mandeb strait. The EU and UK imported the largest amount from Saudi Arabia, at 1.3mn t or around 29pc of total arrivals. Around 68pc of Saudi Arabian arrivals, or about 780,000t, came from the Red Sea port of Yanbu, the largest amount from there since December 2020. Yanbu is just south of the Suez Canal, and market participants often treat it similarly to a Mediterranean port when calculating arbitrage economics. Arrivals from India dropped sharply in April, again probably driven by poor arbitrage economics. Arrivals fell by 45pc on the month on a daily average basis and by 33pc on the year, to 455,000t. Only five tankers arrived in the EU and UK from India, compared with 13 in April 2024. Reliance's 1.36mn b/d Jamnagar refinery conducted maintenance on a crude unit in April, and domestic demand reached an all-time high. Imports from the US, the EU's and UK's largest supplier in 2024, remained muted. Arrivals rose by 17pc on the month on a daily average basis to 562,000t, but were still only half the amount of April last year. Spain was the largest EU/UK importer, with 745,000t, the highest since May 2024. Imports may have risen because of maintenance at Repsol's 135,000 b/d Puertollano and 180,000 b/d Tarragona refineries . German arrivals were 493,000t, the highest since January 2023, up by 13pc on the year and more than double levels of March. Shell began to close its 147,000 b/d Wesseling refinery in March, and a turnaround took place at the Bayernoil consortium's 215,000 b/d Vohburg-Neustadt refinery. Demand stepped up, with households taking advantage of lower prices to stockpile product. By Josh Michalowski Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

US shale M&A faces headwinds on oil price rout

25/05/12

US shale M&A faces headwinds on oil price rout

New York, 12 May (Argus) — Dealmaking in the US shale patch, which had been on a roller-coaster ride in the past few years, is at risk of grinding to a halt as a result of an oil price slump. Just as a growing number of producers are unveiling plans to cut spending and slow activity as crude prices teeter around levels needed to profitably drill wells, prospects for mergers and acquisitions (M&A) in the shale patch are also souring. That marks a departure from the start of 2025 , when dealmakers were expecting a bumper year with recent acquirers looking to offload non-core assets and private equity gearing up to make a return after raising new funds. April brought five deals with a combined value of $2.3bn, bringing the year-to-date total for M&A activity in the US upstream space to $19.2bn, consultancy Enverus says. That was down by 60pc from a year earlier, when the latest round of consolidation was in full sway. "We're just hearing over and over again, across the board, that companies are overwhelmingly sitting on their hands," law firm Sidley partner Stephen Boone says. Recent deals include natural gas giant EQT buying the upstream and midstream assets of privately held Olympus Energy for $1.8bn . Gas is increasingly likely to dominate dealmaking going forward, as not only has the commodity fared better than oil on a relative basis, but investors are likely to be drawn by the US LNG boom and rapid growth of gas-fired power generation demand to meet the energy needs of data centres required for artificial intelligence . "The trouble is, there aren't enough potential gas deals to make up for a drop in oil asset activity, which we do anticipate is going to fall off a cliff," Enverus principal analyst Andrew Dittmar says. Aside from the trade tariff-induced market volatility that has sent crude prices tumbling to four-year lows, a lack of high-quality targets on the oil side also suggests deals will be few and far between this year. Most publicly-held operators will be focused on protecting their bottom line as they remain focused on shareholder returns rather than growth, and might well be reluctant to take on debt to fund deals. And private equity may prefer to bide its time. "That group is likely looking for some sign of a bottom on crude before jumping in, rather than trying to catch a falling knife of asset values," Dittmar says. That is not to say that deals have completely dried up, with Permian Resources agreeing this week to snap up assets in the New Mexico part of the top US shale play from APA for $608mn. But Diamondback Energy, a top Permian producer which has played an active role in the most recent round of M&A, might sum up the view of many with its plan to remain on the sidelines for the time being. Too much noise "We're in the period right now where there's so much noise and volatility that not a lot gets done," Diamondback's president, Kaes Van't Hof, says. "Anything that we would look at would have to be extremely cheap, and I just don't think we're there yet today." Even if some relief comes on the tariff front and the economy avoids a recession, it will take time for deals to pick up again, and that could push a resurgence in dealmaking well into 2026. The fact that public operators have spent the years since the pandemic on repairing balance sheets and focusing on investor payouts might also count against any uptick in transactions anytime soon. "That's actually going to keep M&A down, because now that we see the downturn, we have significantly less distressed companies out there that will be forced to sell, and we have more and more companies that think they are better situated to just ride it out," Sidley's Boone says. By Stephen Cunningham Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

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