РЖД ожидает роста перевозок на Восточном полигоне
Объем грузоперевозок на Восточном полигоне, объединяющем Красноярскую, Восточно-Сибирскую, Забайкальскую и Дальневосточную железные дороги, может составить в 2023 г. 160 млн т за счет увеличения пропускной способности инфраструктуры железных дорог и применения новых технологических решений, сообщил заместитель гендиректора РЖД — начальник Центральной дирекции управления движением Михаил Глазков на брифинге 8 декабря.
Провозная способность Восточного полигона, составляющая сейчас 144 млн т/год, должна вырасти к концу года до 158 млн т/год, согласно планам правительства России и РЖД.
«По технологическим возможностям мы закладываем плюс 2 млн т, то есть примерно 160 млн т — прогноз следующего года. Почему не больше? Потому, что объем строительства [в рамках развития Байкало-Амурской и Транссибирской магистралей] в следующем году на 36% больше, чем в этом году. Это дополнительные технологические окна, это дополнительные перерывы движения поездов, которые необходимо будет предоставлять для того, чтобы [по итогам 2023 г.] получить следующую цифру уже — 173 млн т/год», — пояснил Глазков.
Среди технологических мер, применяемых РЖД для увеличения объемов перевозок, — развитие тяжеловесного движения, формирование сдвоенных поездов, использование полувагонов для вывоза контейнеров с Дальнего Востока, уменьшение интервалов движения и другие. «Мы продолжаем развивать тяжеловесное движение, уже сегодня заложили в график [вступивший в силу 11 декабря] более 130 грузовых поездов массой 7,1 тыс. т, около 40 поездов массой 8 тыс. т, и в график следующего года заложены поезда массой 14,2 тыс. т», — уточнил представитель РЖД.
С конца февраля структура грузопотока на сети РЖД заметно изменилась. В частности, у грузоотправителей появился запрос на перевозки металлов, удобрений, продуктов нефтехимии в восточном направлении, усилилась конкуренция за доступ к инфраструктуре между углем и контейнерными грузами, поставки которых были переориентированы с северо-западного на дальневосточное направление.
Одной из причин затрудненного движения на сети РЖД в компании считают избыточность имеющегося парка вагонов различных родов, размер которого по итогам года вырастет до 1,28 млн единиц с нынешних 1,268 млн. «По нашим расчетам, сегодня порядка 170 тыс. вагонов — это лишний парк, который находится на путях общего пользования», — сообщил Глазков. По его информации, в настоящее время в Минтрансе завершается согласование методики подсчета необходимого парка, которая может быть утверждена до конца года.
Кроме того, госкомпания рассчитывает на расширение Минтрансом перечня станций, с которых РЖД может принудительно перемещать брошенный парк, до 120 с нынешних 40.
В январе — ноябре погрузка РЖД уменьшилась на 3,6% по сравнению с уровнем аналогичного периода прошлого года, до 1,13 млрд т. В частности, было погружено 323,2 млн т угля (-5,1%), 197 млн т нефти и нефтепродуктов (-0,3%), 106,2 млн т железной и марганцевой руды (-3,8%), 60,9 млн т черных металлов (-3,1%), 55,4 млн т химических и минеральных удобрений (-6,5%) и 21,3 млн т зерна (-6%). Положительную динамику показали только строительные (123,8 млн т, +5,3%) и остальные грузы, в том числе в контейнерах (103,5 млн т, +2,2%).
Сергей Рыжкин
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Больше ценовой информации и аналитических материалов о рынке транспортировки навалочных, генеральных грузов и контейнеров — в ежемесячном отчете «Argus Логистика сухих грузов».
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