More than 70pc of the world's production of copper, cobalt and lithium could face significant or high drought risks by 2050, up from less than 10pc currently and posing a significant challenge to future supply growth, according to accounting firm PwC.
Under a low-emissions scenario — which imagines global carbon emissions rapidly decreasing — more than 70pc of cobalt and lithium production and around 60pc of the world's bauxite and iron production will be at risk by 2050, according to PwC's 2024 Climate Risks to Nine Key Commodities Report. More than half of the world's copper production will be disrupted by 2050 in a low-emissions scenario and over 70pc in a high-emissions scenario.
PwC warns that unless commodity producers and buyers take preventive action now, their operations are likely to be increasingly disrupted. "Climate change is already fracturing the stability of the natural world, and it will increasingly fracture the stability of global supply chains unless adaptive measures are taken," said global sustainability leader Will Jackson-Moore.
Some companies are responding to the growing drought risk by investing in water management systems to prevent wastage. Others are considering infrastructure adaptations, such as building elevated storage facilities in flood-prone areas. Several mining companies in Chile have invested in desalination plants, the report notes.
According to PwC's 2024 Annual Global CEO Survey, 47pc of chief executives have taken proactive measures to safeguard their workforces and physical assets from climate change.
To continue building resilience and adapting to climate risks, businesses must assess impacts, work with suppliers and communities, establish a climate strategy, make transparent disclosures, leverage adaptive products and services and participate in multi-stakeholder efforts, the latest report concludes.
