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Viewpoint: Brazil’s biomethane at a crossroads

  • Märkte: Natural gas
  • 02.01.26

Brazil's biomethane sector is approaching a pivotal juncture in 2026, with the start of the biomethane mandate and the creation of the biomethane certificate of guarantee of origin (CGOB), which will establish renewable attribute pricing and shape the sector's future.

The government's proposal to set the 2026 biomethane mandate at 0.25pc — equivalent to 238,500 m³/d of biomethane — has introduced new uncertainty into pricing expectations under the biomethane certificate of guarantee of origin (CGOB) rules.

While some market participants anticipate CGOB values slipping below suppliers' R1/m³ (19¢) floor, key regulatory elements such as certificate rules, delivery models and contract requirements remain undefined.

Producers argue that R1/m³ is the minimum price needed to support new projects, considering combined revenue from CGOB rules, decarbonization credits (Cbios) and gas sales, but the ministry's cautious target suggests limited initial demand. Suppliers stress that multi-year targets will be essential to give investors the confidence needed to expand supply in coming years.

In contrast, buyers broadly welcomed the modest 0.25pc target as a soft launch that avoids sudden price shocks.

The sector's trajectory relies on effectively distinguishing between the energy and renewable components of biomethane, a separation that is essential for Brazil to enhance its position as a provider of renewable attributes. The main challenge lies in establishing a system compatible with both voluntary and obligated buyers, aligned with international standards, and capable of delivering clear price signals to promote investment.

Public hearings on CGOB rules and the proposed targets are scheduled for January, leaving final decisions to later in the year. Developing a transparent framework for recognizing and pricing renewable attributes remains central, and consensus on these matters has yet to be reached.

The groundwork for these developments was laid during 2025 with rigorous regulatory discussions, increased investments, and a deeper engagement between producers and consumers. In addition, seven new biomethane facilities started operations in Brazil, which expanded national production capacity by 439,827 m³/d to 1.1mn m³/d.

Recent debates surrounding regulatory mandates have played an instrumental role in informing market development, particularly with respect to the valuation of biomethane's renewable attribute. This focus accelerated market growth and strengthened alignment among stakeholders on pricing issues. Although differences in perspective persist, consensus has grown on the definition of the renewable premium, while several aspects of the mandate remain unresolved as the new year approaches.

According to Argus, the Brazilian biomethane fob plant price is currently reported at R3.28/m³ as of 1 January 2026.

In early 2025, Petrobras initiated an open call for biomethane supply, a significant milestone as the Brazilian oil company will be the largest obligated entity under the new mandate, despite negotiations still ongoing. The open call resulted in 20 proposals advancing to the negotiation stage, according to Petrobras. The state-owned company accepted all proposals for biomethane and CGOB supply in 2026.

The progress seen in 2025 has paved the way for possible changes in 2026, though important steps still lie ahead. Public hearings regarding the CGOB rules and the proposed targets still need to take place, and the final decisions on the mandate are likely to come in early 2026. The development of a clear, transparent framework for recognizing and pricing renewable attributes remains a central topic of discussion, and there is not yet a definitive consensus on these matters.


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