UK to set up green infrastructure bank
The UK will set up a bank aimed at investing in green infrastructure, chancellor Rishi Sunak said today during his 2021 budget announcement.
The bank will be able to deploy £12bn of equity and debt capital and issue up to £10bn of guarantees. It should support up to £40bn of total investment, Sunak said.
The institution, which will be based in Leeds, will begin operating in an interim form later in spring 2021, the budget statement said.
Sunak also said the government would aim to position to city of London as the leading market for voluntary carbon offsets. A new working group will be established to this end.
The carbon price support will remain at £18/t of CO2 equivalent until 2022-23. The tax has accelerated the UK power sector's shift from coal to gas, and keeps the UK power market at a wide premium to continental European markets. The government will also set out additional proposals for expanding the scope of the UK emissions trading system scheme over 2021.
And it was confirmed the UK will issue its first sovereign green bond this summer and look to quickly build out a green yield curve. Green gilt issuances will be a minimum of £15bn in 2021-22, to finance projects aimed at tackling climate change and other environmental challenges.
The government's pledge of funding for new port infrastructure in Teeside and Humberside "to support the next generation of offshore wind projects" was welcomed by industry association RenewableUK as a "gamechanger." Teeside and the Humber were also announced as two of eight "freeports" that will have different customs rules and taxes than the rest of the country. This should drive investment in offshore wind manufacturing, RenewableUK said.
The budget included some smaller green initiatives, including the launch of a £20mn programme to support the development of floating offshore wind technology across the UK, the launch of a new £68mn UK-wide competition to implement several first-of-a-kind energy storage prototypes or technology demonstrators, and a £4mn UK-wide competition for the first phase of a biomass feedstocks programme.
Government advisory body the climate change committee's chief executive, Chris Stark, said there was "not much to say about this budget — a comment in itself."
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Battery storage stands out in Japan clean power auction
Battery storage stands out in Japan clean power auction
Osaka, 2 May (Argus) — Japan's first auction for long-term zero emissions power capacity has attracted strong bidding interest with a plan to install battery storage, as investment in the power storage system is gaining momentum in line with expanded use of fluctuating renewable energy sources. Japan launched the clean power auction system from the April 2023-March 2024 fiscal year, aiming to spur investment in clean power sources by securing funding for fixed costs in advance to drive the country's decarbonisation by 2050. The first auction, which was held in January, has awarded 1.1GW capacity for battery storage, or 27pc of total contract capacity for clean power sources, excluding gas-fired generation that has been temporally included in the auction system to help ensure stable power supplies, nationwide transmission system operator Organisation for Cross-regional Co-ordination of Transmission Operator (Occto), which manages the auction, said on 26 April. Bidding capacity for battery storage totalled around 4.6GW, the highest volume among any other clean power sources. This means the contract ratio for storage batteries was 24pc compared with the 100pc ratio for ammonia co-firing, hydrogen co-firing , biomass dedicated and nuclear capacity, along with gas-fired capacity . Awarded capacity for battery storage as well as pumping-up electric power facilities reached 1.67GW, exceeding the 1GW sought by the auction. Japan has secured a total of 9.77GW of net zero capacity through the 2023-24 auction. Contract volumes covered 1.3GW of nuclear, 199MW biomass, 577MW of pumping-up electric power, 770MW for ammonia co-firing and 55.3MW hydrogen co-firing, as well as 1.1GW of battery storage. This also included 5.76GW of gas-fired projects. All winners under the auction can generally receive the money for 20 years through Occto, which collect money from the country's power retailers, although they need to refund 90pc of other revenue. The first auction saw total funding of ¥233.6bn/yr ($1.51bn) for decarbonisation power sources and ¥176.6bn/yr for gas-fired capacity. Japan's battery requirements are expected to continue rising, with uncertainty over future nuclear availability likely to spur Tokyo to accelerate the roll-out of renewable energy to meet a 46pc greenhouse gas emissions reduction by 2030-31 against 2013-14 levels — a target still far above the 23pc recorded in 2022-23. Japan will need to install 38-41GW of renewable capacity, nearly triple actual output of 14GW in 2019. Japan is looking to establish lithium-ion battery production capacity of 150GWh/yr domestically and 600GWh/yr globally by 2030. The trade and industry ministry projects the latter target will require 380,000 t/yr of lithium, 310,000 t/yr of nickel, 600,000 t/yr of graphite, 60,000 t/yr of cobalt and 50,000 t/yr of manganese. By Motoko Hasegawa Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
Australia issues offshore wind feasibility licences
Australia issues offshore wind feasibility licences
Sydney, 2 May (Argus) — The Australian federal government has issued the first feasibility licences for offshore wind projects in the country following a competitive process, for up to 12GW of capacity off the coast of Gippsland in the southern state of Victoria and a potential further 13GW in the next stage. Six projects have received approval to explore the feasibility of offshore wind farms in the Bass Strait off Gippsland's coast, which was the first offshore wind zone declared in Australia at the end of 2022. Successful applicants include Danish investment firm Copenhagen Infrastructure Partners (CIP), Danish utility Orsted, Australian utility AGL Energy, European utilities EDP Renewables and Engie and Japanese utility Jera. The government also intends to grant another six licences, subject to consultation with First Nations groups. The 12 projects could have a potential combined capacity of around 25GW, the government said ( see table ). Projects that prove feasible will be able to apply for commercial licences and move to the construction phase if they secure financing, with the most advanced wind farms expected to start generating power in the early 2030s. CIP secured site exclusivity to develop two projects with a combined 4.4GW through a newly launched platform company Southerly Ten. The projects comprise the 2.2GW Star of the South, which claims to be the most advanced offshore wind project in Australia , along with the early stage 2.2GW Kut-Wut Brataualung. Southerly Ten is also developing the Destiny Wind project in Australia's second declared offshore wind zone off the Hunter region in New South Wales. Orsted was given one licence for a 2.8GW project and might receive another one for a 2GW wind farm. It said it will proceed with site investigations, environmental assessments and supply chain development, with a view to bid in future auctions planned by the Victorian government, which are expected to start in late 2025. Victoria is targeting 2GW of offshore wind capacity by 2032 and 9GW by 2040. "Subject to the above steps and a final investment decision, the projects are expected to be completed in phases from the early 2030s, with the aim to maximise dual site synergies through shared resources and economies of scale," Orsted said. The 2.5GW Gippsland Skies offshore wind project, belongs to a consortium made of Irish renewables firm Mainstream Renewable Power with 35pc, UK-based firm Reventus Power 35pc, AGL Energy 20pc and Australian developer Direct Infrastructure 10pc. The first phase of the project is expected to be operational in 2032, according to the consortium. The list of six projects already granted feasibility licences also include High Sea Wind, a proposed 1.28GW wind farm developed by EDP Renewables' and Engie's 50:50 joint venture Ocean Winds, along with Blue Mackerel North, a 1GW development by Japanese utility Jera Nex's subsidiary Parkwind. Parkwind is also developing another offshore wind project in Australia, with Australian utility Alinta Energy, the 1GW Spinifex in the Southern Ocean off Victoria, which was declared Australia's third wind zone in March. The other projects that might receive licences are being developed by companies such as Spanish utility Iberdrola, Spanish developer Bluefloat Energy, Australian firm Macquarie's wind developer Corio Generation, German utility RWE and a joint venture between Australia's Origin Energy and UK-based developer RES Group. By Juan Weik Australian offshore wind projects with feasibility licences Developer Capacity Licence Orsted Offshore Australia 1 Orsted 2.8 Granted Gippsland Skies Consortium* 2.5 Granted Star of the South Southerly Ten 2.2 Offered Kut-Wut Brataualung Southerly Ten 2.2 Granted High Sea Wind Ocean Winds 1.3 Granted Blue Mackerel North Parkwind 1.0 Granted Aurora Green Iberdrola 3.0 Under consultation Great Eastern Offshore Wind Corio Generation 2.5 Under consultation Gippsland Dawn Bluefloat Energy 2.1 Under consultation Orsted Offshore Australia 2 Orsted 2.0 Under consultation Navigator North Origin Energy, RES 1.5 Under consultation Kent Offshore Wind RWE N/A Under consultation Source: federal government, companies *Mainstream Renewable Power, Reventus Power, AGL, Direct Infrastructure Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
US gas industry pins hopes on AI power demand
US gas industry pins hopes on AI power demand
New York, 1 May (Argus) — US natural gas producers and pipelines have pivoted almost in unison this year to talking up what they see as one of the strongest bullish cases for gas this decade: surging electricity demand from yet-to-be-built data centers to power artificial intelligence software. EQT, the largest US gas producer by volume, in an investor presentation last week called growing data center demand the "cornerstone" to the "natural gas bull case." Combining its own research with data from the US Energy Information Administration, the gas giant forecast an increase in gas demand of 10 Bcf/d (283mn m3/d) by 2030 to generate electricity, mostly to run data centers. Its more aggressive data center build-out scenario envisions a whopping 18 Bcf/d increase in gas demand through 2030. Total US gas production is currently about 100 Bcf/d. Kinder Morgan, one of the largest US gas pipeline operators, this month forecast 20pc of US power being gobbled up by data centers in 2030, up from a 2.5pc share in 2022. Cobbling together projections from several consultancies and financial advisories, the company said the electricity needed to run artificial intelligence software alone will comprise 15pc of US power demand by 2030. If just 40pc of that demand is met by gas, that would represent an increase in gas demand of 7-10 Bcf/d, it said. This is roughly in line with the high end of US bank Tudor Pickering Holt's forecast for gas demand to power data centers through 2030 (1.3-8.5 Bcf/d) and well above Goldman Sachs' and consultancy Enverus' projections of 3.3 Bcf/d and 2 Bcf/d, respectively. New tech, old problems Separating the wide ranges of these projections is the highly speculative nature of forecasting demand years into the future for competing energy sources to power next-generation technology. But the major upside and downside risks, analysts say, concern the more humdrum challenges of permitting and building out energy infrastructure. Goldman Sachs expects 28GW, or 60pc, of the generation capacity needed to power new data centers through 2030 will come from natural gas — 9GW from combined cycle gas turbines and 19GW from gas peaker plants. But with an average lag of four years from the time a gas transmission project is announced to the time it enters service, to say nothing of the high probability of litigation being brought by environmentalists and landowners, construction and permitting timelines are "the most top of mind constraint for natural gas," the bank said. Indeed, litigation and opposition from state regulators have ultimately led developers to call off several interstate pipeline projects in the eastern US in recent years. The exception to the rule, Equitrans' 2 Bcf/d Mountain Valley Pipeline is moving forward only because congressional action allowed it to bypass federal permitting hurdles. This is a particular problem for the gas industry's hopes of exploiting the data center boom, as a large share of future data centers are slated to be built in the southeast US, far from the major US gas fields. New data centers representing 2 Bcf/d of gas demand in Georgia probably requires a new pipeline into the southeast, FactSet senior energy analyst Connor McLean said. Southeast premium A significant data-center buildout in the southeast without new pipelines could put upward pressure on regional gas prices, McLean said. This could exacerbate the effects of what has become perhaps the most prominent bullish case for US gas: a massive build-out of LNG export terminals along the US Gulf coast. With new export terminals pulling increasing volumes of gas south along the Transcontinental gas pipeline to super-chill and ship overseas in the coming years, the build-out in data centers will likely produce "an even bigger deficit in that southeast (gas) market," EQT chief financial officer Jeremy Knop told investors last week. "We think that market really, in time, becomes the most premium market in the country," he said. By Julian Hast Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
G7 coal exit goal puts focus on Germany, Japan and US
G7 coal exit goal puts focus on Germany, Japan and US
London, 1 May (Argus) — A G7 countries commitment to phase out "unabated coal power generation" by 2035 focuses attention on Germany, Japan and the US for charting a concrete coal-exit path, but provides some flexibility on timelines. The G7 commitment does not mark a departure from the previous course and provides a caveat by stating the unabated coal exit will take place by 2035 or "in a timeline consistent with keeping a limit of 1.5°C temperature rise within reach, in line with countries' net-zero pathways". The G7 countries are Italy — this year's host — Canada, France, Germany, Japan, the UK and the US. The EU is a non-enumerated member. The announcement calls for accelerating "efforts towards the phase-out of unabated coal power generation", but does not suggest policy action. It calls for reducing "as much as possible", providing room for manoeuvre to Germany, Japan and the US. Coal exports are not mentioned in the communique. Canada and the US are net coal exporters. France, which predominantly uses nuclear power in its generation mix is already scheduled to close its two remaining coal plants by the end of this year. The UK will shut its last coal-fired plant Ratcliffe in September . Italy has ended its emergency "coal maximisation plan" and has been less reliant on coal-fired generation, except in Sardinia . The country has 6GW of installed coal-fired power capacity, with state-controlled utility Enel operating 4.7GW of this. The operator said it wanted to shut all its coal-fired plants by 2027. Canada announced a coal exit by 2030 in 2016 and currently has 4.7GW of operational coal-fired capacity. In 2021-23, the country imported an average of 5.7mn t of coal each year, mainly from the US. Germany Germany has a legal obligation to shut down all its coal plants by 2038, but the country's nuclear fleet retirement in 2023, coupled with LNG shortages after Russia's invasion of Ukraine, led to an increase in coal use. Germany pushed for an informal target to phase out coal by 2030, but the grid regulator Bnetza's timeline still anticipates the last units going offline in 2038. The G7 agreement puts into questions how the country will treat its current reliance on coal as a backup fuel. The grid regulator requires "systematically relevant" coal plants to remain available as emergency power sources until the end of March 2031 . Germany generated 9.5TWh of electricity from hard-coal fired generation so far this year, according to European grid operator association Entso-E. Extending the current rate of generation, Germany's theoretical coal burn could reach about 8.8mn t. Japan Japan's operational coal capacity has increased since 2022, with over 3GW of new units connected to the grid, according to the latest analysis by Global Energy Monitor (GEM). Less than 5pc of Japan's operational coal fleet has a planned retirement year, and these comprise the oldest and least efficient plants. Coal capacity built in the last decade, following the Fukushima disaster, is unlikely to receive a retirement date without a country-wide policy that calls for a coal exit. Returning nuclear fleet capacity is curtailing any additional coal-fired generation in Japan , but it will have to build equivalent capacity to replace its 53GW of coal generation. And, according to IEA figures, Japan will only boost renewables up to 24pc until 2030. The US The US operates the third-largest coal-power generation fleet in the world, with 212GW operational capacity. Only 37pc of this capacity has a known retirement date before 2031. After 2031, the US will have to retire coal-fired capacity at a rate of 33GW/yr for four years to be able to meet the 2035 phase-out deadline. By Ashima Sharma Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
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