Russian alloy smelters urge rethink on export tax

  • Spanish Market: Metals
  • 16/07/21

Several Russian ferro-alloy smelters are urging the government to rethink its plan to levy an export tariff on ferro-alloys from 1 August-31 December, warning that they cannot afford to lower their export prices enough to remain competitive with a 15pc tax factored in.

"We have been scratching our heads for the past three weeks since the tax was announced," one producer said, adding that they are still unsure how to navigate the introduction of tariffs that will render their exports uncompetitive unless they slash prices. "We are trying to find ways to serve our customers," they said, adding that they have no intention of declaring force majeure on existing contracts and have been dipping into the spot market to buy extra ferro-tungsten outside Russia with which to fulfil those commitments.

Several Russian smelters do not have their own mines from which to source feedstock, meaning they are exposed to seaborne spot prices and indexes to buy products such as tungsten concentrate — squeezing their margins and making it even more difficult to offer finished products at a reduced price, the producer said.

Tungsten concentrate prices continue to climb amid tight supply of primary and secondary raw materials, with some offers in Europe now punching as high as $235/dmtu in-warehouse Rotterdam.

Even consumers outside Russia — who do not face the prospect of a new 15pc tariff on their finished product sales — are voicing unease about rising raw material costs, with one commenting this week that tungsten carbide prices are not high enough to accommodate ever-increasing input costs.

The key focal point of the export tariffs — which encompass a wide range of ferrous and non-ferrous products — should be items such as base metals, for which international prices have surged in the past 18 months, a market participant said, arguing that it does not make sense for lower-volume items such as ferro-alloys to also be caught up in the measures — particularly given revenue from the 15pc ferro-alloy export tax will not generate a significant amount of income relative to other products.

Explaining the tariffs on 24 June, the government said income from the duties will be used "to compensate" for rising metal prices in Russia's domestic market. First deputy prime minister Andrei Belousov added that Russia's economy is not ready for an "avalanche-like shock transfer" of global metal prices to the domestic market.

Market participants are monitoring developments to see if the Russian government is willing to review the ferro-alloy component of the tariffs. Even if a formal appeal makes progress, it is possible that the ferro-alloy tax would only be reduced slightly — to 12pc, for example — which would still render Russian export prices uncompetitive against China, a European trader said.

Although the tariffs are being levied in response to sharp increases in international commodity prices in the past year, ironically, it is the tariffs themselves that have generated more uplift to European ferro-tungsten prices than has been seen for some time. Prices for 75pc grade alloy have risen by almost $5/kg since the Russian government's announcement on 24 June, now standing at a three-year high of $38-39.50/kg duty paid Rotterdam.

US ferro-tungsten prices are also moving higher as the tariff looms, assessed at $17.10-18.00/lb fob North America warehouse yesterday, up from $15.80-16.00/lb fob three weeks ago. The US ferro-tungsten market is fairly small compared to other ferro-alloy sectors, but it has no commercial production and so relies heavily on imports — half of which came from Russia in 2020 at 25t.

Other ferro-alloy markets have been less reactive than ferro-tungsten but are monitoring the situation closely — along with this week's civil unrest in South Africa — but without a major impact on spot prices. European prices for low-carbon ferro-chrome did creep up immediately after the government's announcement on 25 June, amid speculation and supply concerns, but have stabilised somewhat amid the summer slowdown at around $1.80-1.90/lb ddp for 60-64.99pc Cr grade and $2.00-2.10/lb ddp for min 65pc Cr grade.

Ferro-titanium traders have moved quickly to get as much Russian alloy trucked across the border as possible before 1 August and prices for Russian grade have crept up in Rotterdam, but slow seasonal spot trade is limiting price movements. Argus assessed Russian grade min 70pc Ti ferro-titanium at $6.00-6.85/kg duty unpaid Rotterdam yesterday, up from $5.25-6.00/kg on 23 June just before the tariffs were announced. This compares with western grade ferro-titanium assessed yesterday at $6.60-7.30/kg duty-free Rotterdam.


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17/05/24

Trade curbs spur Chinese battery firms to look overseas

Trade curbs spur Chinese battery firms to look overseas

Beijing, 17 May (Argus) — An increasing number of Chinese battery firms have accelerated their expansions outside China, to meet buoyant overseas demand and to tackle escalating geopolitical curbs. These curbs include the US' newly announced tariff hikes on China's electric vehicles (EVs) and batteries from 2024 or 2026, and the EU's potential punitive duties on battery EVs originating from China. The US' Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) and the EU's Critical Raw Material Act have also prompted many Chinese battery material producers to step up their overseas expansions. China's battery material manufacturer Hunan Zhongke Electric has unveiled a plan to invest no more than 5bn yuan ($692mn) to build a production plant for battery anode material in Morocco, in which some other Chinese firms have also invested in similar projects. The plant has a designed capacity of 100,000 t/yr and will be developed in two phases with 50,000 t/yr each. The firm aims to complete plant construction for each phase in 24 months. Zhongke is a major battery anode material producer in China with 210,000 t/yr of capacity as of the end of 2023. Its output of anode materials rose to 143,513t in 2023, up by 14pc from 125,460t a year earlier, driven by the country's rising EV sales. It aims to expand overseas sales in the coming years. Major Chinese copper producer Zhejiang Hailiang also outlined a plan to build a 25,000 t/yr production plant for copper foil used in lithium-ion batteries in Morocco. Construction will take 36 months. "The layout of the Morocco project can help us penetrate into the European and US markets as soon as possible as exports from Morocco are duty free to these markets," Hailiang said. "This will help us avoid any international trade barrier." Morocco is one of the main destinations for Chinese companies to invest in and build overseas battery component plants given its abundant resources for phosphate, a main chemical compound in a lithium iron phosphate battery, and its free trade agreement (FTA) with the US. It is also a major cobalt metal producing country outside China, with cobalt being a critical mineral used in the manufacturing of lithium-ion batteries. Major Chinese battery material producer EVE Energy is on track to develop a production project for energy storage batteries in Malaysia. It will establish a subsidiary EVE Energy Malaysia Energy Storage to develop this project to meet Malaysia's energy storage battery demand, although it has not disclosed the capacity, construction schedules and launch dates. The plant is the second phase of EVE's new energy products development in Malaysia. It in August 2023 started building a plant for cylindrical batteries mainly used in electric two-wheelers and electric tools in the southeast Asian country. The firm said the US' new tariff hikes will not affect its business because it had planned the Malaysia projects for consumer batteries and energy storage in advance, and these projects will support shipments to US consumers by 2026. New US tariff hikes US president Joe Biden's administration announced on 14 May that the tariff on lithium-ion EV batteries will immediately increase to 25pc, while the tariff on all other lithium-ion batteries is set to increase to 25pc in 2026, both from the current rate of 7.5pc. This is likely to trigger more Chinese battery companies to increase their overseas investments to avoid the tax, according to industry participants. The US' tariff hikes have drawn strong criticism from China. "Politicising and instrumenting economic and trade issues is typical political manipulation," said the country's ministry of commerce. "The Section 301 tariff hikes goes against President Biden's promise of 'not seeking to contain China's development' or 'not seeking to break the chain of decoupling from China'. The US should immediately correct its wrongful actions and cancel the tariffs. China will take 'resolute" measures to safeguard its own rights and interests'." Chinese battery firms' investments in Morocco Company Products Capacity Launch dates CNGR CAM precursors, LFP, black mass 120,000 t/yr, 60,000 t/yr, 30,000 t/yr 4Q, 2024 BTR CAM 50,000 t/yr N/A Hunan Zhongke Anode material 100,000 t/yr in 24 months Huayou Cobalt/LG LFP 50,000 t/yr in 2026 Huayou Cobalt/LG Lithium salts 52,000 t/yr N/A Sichuan Yahua/LG Lithium hydroxide N/A N/A Hailiang Li-ion battery copper foil 25,000 t/yr in 36 months Source: Company releases Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

US inflation slows broadly in April


15/05/24
15/05/24

US inflation slows broadly in April

Houston, 15 May (Argus) — US consumer price gains eased in April, with core inflation posting the smallest gain in three years, signs the economy is slowing in the face of high borrowing costs. The consumer price index (CPI) rose by an annual 3.4pc in April, easing from 3.5pc over the prior 12-month period, the Labor Department reported on Wednesday. Core CPI, which strips out volatile food and energy, rose by 3.6pc, slowing from 3.8pc the prior month. The easing inflation comes as the Federal Reserve has pushed back the expected start of interest rate cuts after holding its target rate at a 23-year high since July 2023 as the US economy has continued to grow and generate jobs at greater than expected rates. Job growth however slowed to 175,000 in April, the lowest since October 2023, and job openings and wage gains have also slowed while a measure of manufacturing has contracted. The CME FedWatch tool boosted the probability of Fed rate cuts in September to about 72pc today from about 65pc on Tuesday. The energy index rose by 2.6pc over the 12 months ended in April, accelerating from 2.1pc. The gasoline index slowed to an annual 1.2pc in April from 1.3pc The food index rose by an annual 2.2pc, matching the prior month. Shelter slowed to 5.5pc from 5.7pc. Services less energy services slowed to 5.3pc from 5.4pc. Transportation services accelerated to an annual 11.2pc, led by insurance costs, from 10.7pc in the 12 months through March. On a monthly basis, CPI inflation slowed to 0.3pc in April from 0.4pc the prior two months. Core inflation slowed to 0.3pc from 0.4pc the prior three months. Energy held flat at a monthly 1.1pc. Services less energy services slowed to a monthly 0.4pc gain from 0.5pc. By Bob Willis Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Liberty looks to sell or recapitalise EU rolling lines


15/05/24
15/05/24

Liberty looks to sell or recapitalise EU rolling lines

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VW idles Brazil auto plants as floods hit parts supply


14/05/24
14/05/24

VW idles Brazil auto plants as floods hit parts supply

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Anglo American to exit from coal, Ni, platinum: Update


14/05/24
14/05/24

Anglo American to exit from coal, Ni, platinum: Update

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