Exportação de etanol em 2023 é a maior em dois anos

Spanish Market: Biofuels
08/01/24

Os fluxos de exportação de etanol para o mercado internacional escalaram para seu nível mais alto desde 2020, impulsionados principalmente pela demanda significativa de compradores na Coreia do Sul e na União Europeia (UE), que ultrapassaram destinos tradicionais como a Costa Oeste dos Estados Unidos.

Segundo dados do Ministério do Desenvolvimento, Indústria, Comércio e Serviços (MDIC) compilados pela Argus, as exportações de etanol do Brasil atingiram 2,55 milhões de m³ entre janeiro e dezembro — o volume total mais elevado registrado pelo órgão desde 2020.

Esse montante corresponde a uma alta de 2,4pc em relação aos 2,49 milhões de m³ registrados em 2022, um total que já era visto como um feito relevante por participantes na época (veja tabela baixo).

O resultado ultrapassou ligeiramente o teto esperado para o ano segundo uma pesquisa realizada pela Argus com participantes de mercado em março de 2023: as projeções previam algo entre 2,1-2,5 milhões de m³.

As exportações para a Coreia do Sul representaram cerca de 33pc do total de embarques em 2023. O país asiático é um dos maiores compradores do Brasil para o etanol industrial – usado principalmente em produtos farmacêuticos e cosméticos.

O hub Amsterdã-Roterdã-Antuérpia (ARA, na sigla em inglês) – porta de entrada para a maioria das importações para a União Europeia – recebeu 23pc das exportações do biocombustível, seguido por EUA, com 15pc, Filipinas, com 5,7pc, e Nigéria, com 3,9pc. O aumento acontece na esteira da crescente produção de etanol no Centro-Sul brasileiro, graças à safra recorde de cana-de-açúcar na região.

Um consumo inferior ao esperado nas bombas também desempenhou um papel crucial para os produtores desviarem a oferta excedente do mercado interno, com uma arbitragem viável na maior parte do ano auxiliando esse movimento.

No entanto, a onipresença do etanol brasileiro no mercado global em 2023 não se deu sem controvérsias, já que a UE anunciou, em setembro, medidas de vigilância retroativas sobre as importações de vários países, incluindo o Brasil e os EUA, após protestos de produtores locais.

Enquanto isso, as importações do biocombustível para o Brasil recuaram 81pc, para 59.632m³ em 2023, de 315.773m³ em 2022. Praticamente todo o etanol importado no período veio do Paraguai.

Por Vinicius Damazio

Volumes de exportação de etanol brasileiro				m³
	2023	2022	2021	2020

	2.557.755	2.497.084	1.977.479	2.707.694
Janeiro	259.385	104.416	191.731	79.092
Fevereiro	127.921	74.206	157.574	154.555
Março	199.924	180.157	193.365	70.376
Abril	203.576	119.302	107.263	81.510
Maio	93.757	74.625	66.104	154.631
Junho	69.246	212.483	295.833	288.296
Julho	306.174	182.706	210.857	306.114
Agosto	257.016	280.492	85.091	336.694
Setembro	296.798	324.713	197.063	293.627
Outubro	235.195	355.773	164.983	379.872
Novembro	195.007	255.941	107.799	317.161
Dezembro	313.756	332.270	199.816	245.766
MDIC

Exportações brasileiras de etanol por país, 2023 pc

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18/12/25

Viewpoint: EU ethanol supported by mandates in 2026

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Viewpoint: Dutch ticket move to help low-emission fuels

17/12/25

Viewpoint: Dutch ticket move to help low-emission fuels

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EcoCeres exports first SAF output from Malaysia's Johor

17/12/25

EcoCeres exports first SAF output from Malaysia's Johor

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EU eases ICE phase-out with 2035 CO2 car target: Update

16/12/25

EU eases ICE phase-out with 2035 CO2 car target: Update

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EU eases ICE phase-out with new 2035 CO2 car target

16/12/25

EU eases ICE phase-out with new 2035 CO2 car target

Brussels, 16 December (Argus) — The European Commission has proposed a new 90pc cut in car fleet emissions by 2035, replacing the previously agreed 100pc target that would have effectively phased out internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. The plan would allow some ICE vehicles to remain in use beyond 2035, alongside plug-in hybrids, range extenders and mild hybrids, as well as electric and hydrogen cars. The remaining 10pc of emissions would need to be offset through low-carbon steel, e-fuels or biofuels, according to the commission. The proposals need to be adopted by a majority in the European Parliament and among EU states. Automakers could also "bank and borrow" credits between 2030-32 to help meet the existing 2030 target of a 55pc cut from 2021 levels. Under the new proposals, manufacturers using these flexibilities would only need to achieve a 40pc fleet-average reduction, down from a previously planned 50pc. Expanded carbon-neutral criteria would allow sustainable biofuels to help meet the targets that currently require 0g/km from 2035. EU renewable ethanol group ePure said emissions from ethanol were 79pc lower than fossil fuels in 2024, in line with previous years. The European Biodiesel Board reported savings of 77-81pc for biodiesel, using the official fossil fuel comparator of 94g of CO2e/MJ. German MEP Peter Liese criticised the original ICE ban, but said industry problems stem from market shifts, not from Brussels. "The industry must stop shifting the blame for its own mistakes and for market developments, for example in China, onto Brussels," he said, adding that he will push for green steel recognition before 2035. By Dafydd ab Iago Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

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