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Australia's Jan-Nov tallow exports hit record high

  • Spanish Market: Biofuels, Chemicals
  • 14/01/25

Australian tallow exports during January-November 2024 reached the highest on record, surpassing the previous record for exports in the whole of 2023.

Australia exported 517,364t of tallow in the first 11 months of 2024, surpassing the 504,409t of tallow in 2023, according to the latest data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) accessed through Global Trade Tracker (GTT) (see graph).

The record export number was the result of a larger cattle herd, high slaughter rates and favourable weather conditions, while growing demand from the biofuels sector has also helped boost exports.

Domestic cattle slaughter rates stood at 2.24mn head in July-September, the highest since the same period in 2015, because of processors' concerted effort to increase capacity. Australia's beef production hit a record high in July-September at 690,694t, according to ABS data.

Over 90pc of Australian tallow was exported to either Singapore or the US in the first 11 months of the year, with each country receiving 53.2pc and 37.6pc respectively, according to GTT data.

Market participants have indicated Australian tallow trade flows may swing towards the US this year because of the newly released guidance on the 45Z tax credit in the country. Prices for lower carbon intensity feedstocks like tallow increased following the new guidance, while imported used cooking oil will not qualify for the tax credit.

Australian tallow exports (t)

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30/01/25

US PVC producers weigh cutbacks on lower margins

US PVC producers weigh cutbacks on lower margins

Houston, 30 January (Argus) — US polyvinyl chloride (PVC) producers are weighing operation cutbacks in February after grappling with deteriorating sales margins underpinned by elevated feedstock costs and stagnant end-product values. PVC producer profitability eroded in January as prices for key feedstock ethylene leapt to four-month highs by mid-January, various sources said. Ethylene is a main component in ethylene dichloride (EDC) manufacturing, which is then cracked into vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) before being converted into PVC. Some domestic PVC production is fully integrated and feature ethylene crackers, but many producers still purchase spot or contract ethylene and remain exposed to price fluctuations in the spot market. Spot US ethylene prices to-date in January have averaged 18pc higher than in December and 66pc higher than in January 2024, according to Argus data. Meanwhile, PVC spot values in Houston appreciated at a much slower rate between December and January, climbing by 1pc. Elevated ethylene spot prices are expected to persist in the near-term, maintaining pressure on PVC margins, due to planned maintenance and recovery from unplanned shutdowns in mid-January stemming from sub-freezing temperatures that gripped the US Gulf coast. The expectation for ethylene values to persist at current levels is anticipated to result in PVC production cutbacks, according to several exporters. Some producers, though, remain incentivized to maintain operating rates after bringing online expanded capacity last year. Formosa and Shintech collectively brought more than 500,000 metric tonne (t)/year of new PVC capacity on line during the second half of 2024. The ramp up in added capacity coincided with increasing trade barriers into key offshore destinations, which is expected to keep more volumes within the US while consumer demand outlooks this year remain cautiously optimistic . US buyers are unsure if domestic demand will be strong enough in 2025 to absorb additional volume, placing a ceiling on upward price direction. Exporters are even less optimistic operating in a global market increasingly defined by anti-dumping duties and plentiful Chinese supply. Domestic contract negotiations have highlighted the contrast between higher operating costs and a well-supplied PVC market. Producers cited higher operating costs to argue against lower contract negotiations in January, especially after prices fell in October and November. Several producers announced increases for February volumes, with some rising as high as 5¢/lb. But buyers said current demand does not support increases and instead view price hikes as to recapture lost margin. While producers sought price stability for January monthly contracts, they are also competing to lock in volume commitments through 2025 with aggressive annual contract discussions. Producers are trying to establish a price floor domestically by limiting price erosion among already-low-priced customers, but the additional capacity has made steeper price concessions difficult to avoid in other instances. One evolving upstream market variable is a firmer US Gulf coast spot export caustic soda market, which could encourage producers to maintain current rates and delay any cuts. Integrated PVC producers also manufacture chlorine and caustic soda through chlor-alkali units. Caustic soda is a co-product of chlorine — the latter a key feedstock in EDC production — and price swings in chlorine or caustic soda values can influence production decisions for PVC manufacturers. Caustic soda export prices from the US Gulf coast this week rose by $10/dry metric tonne (dmt) from the prior week and remains 8pc higher than the same week last year, according to Argus data. Tightened spot supply availability is a tailwind for spot values in the near-term, but values remain 24pc lower than peak levels in September when caustic soda prices last offset tighter PVC margins. By Aaron May and Connor Hyde Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Study calls for e-fuels bunker subsidies, GHG tax


30/01/25
30/01/25

Study calls for e-fuels bunker subsidies, GHG tax

New York, 30 January (Argus) — E-fuel subsidies and a greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions tax is needed for e-fuels to compete as a bunkering fuel before 2044, said a study by maritime consultancy University Maritime Advisory Services (Umas) and the UCL Energy Institute. The study found that adding a multiplier of the GHG intensity credit given to e-fuels could help to make e-fuel use financially competitive, but it would have to be set at high levels at the start. Using a multiplier of two, where one ship running on zero emissions e-fuel could generate credits to offset three other similar ships operating on conventional fossil fuels, was not able to make e-fuels more competitive before 2041. The multiplier would have to be set initially at 15 in 2030, falling to 10 by 2035, to enable the competitiveness of e-fuels, concludes the study. Additionally, levying a GHG tax or fee of $150-$300/t of CO2-equivalent would also make e-fuels more competitive. A tax of $30-$120/t CO2e is close to the aggregate level of subsidies, and would not create a sustained promotion of e-fuels. Under the current marine fuel standards, a combination of fossil fuels, including LNG, biofuels and carbon capture and storage systems would be most competitive up until 2036. After, blue ammonia dual fuel ships would be the lowest-cost solution until 2044. Ships that were more competitive from 2027-2035 would have at least 25pc higher operating cost from 2040 onwards. Thus, if ship owners order newbuild vessels to maximize short-term competitiveness, the sector is at a "major risk of technology lock-in" and will not be as cost-effective for reaching net zero by 2050. The study models a 2027-build, 14,000 twenty-foot equivalent unit container ship. The vessel sails between Asia and Latin America using different marine fuels such as bio-methanol, e-methanol, LNG, bio-LNG, e-LNG, bio-marine gasoil (MGO), e-MGO and very low-sulphur fuel oil. By Stefka Wechsler Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Marine biodiesel sales drop in Rotterdam port 4Q 2024


30/01/25
30/01/25

Marine biodiesel sales drop in Rotterdam port 4Q 2024

London, 30 January (Argus) — Marine biodiesel demand fell in the final quarter of last year in the port of Rotterdam, while LNG sales picked up ahead of the introduction of FuelEU Maritime regulations at the turn of the new year. Sales of marine biodiesel blends in Rotterdam fell by 13.8pc on the quarter and just under 50pc on the year in October-December. This contrasts with an increase of about 62pc on the quarter for marine biodiesel blend sales in Singapore, pointing to a continued trend of voluntary demand shifting east of Suez. Participants reported this trend throughout last year, with more competitive prices for the blends in Singapore. Argus assessed B24 dob Singapore, a blend comprising very-low sulphur fuel oil (VLSFO) and used cooking oil methyl ester (Ucome), at an average discount of $10.58/t against B30 Advanced Fatty acid methyl ester (Fame) 0 dob ARA in the final quarter of 2024. B24 dob Singapore was marked at an average discount of $119.34/t against B30 Ucome dob ARA. Consequently, shipowners seeking to deliver proof of sustainability documentation to their customers, to offset the latter's scope 3 emissions, shifted their marine biodiesel demand to Singapore when feasible. FuelEU Maritime regulations, which came into effect in January and require a reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from vessels every year, will probably incentivise regulatory-driven demand for marine biodiesel blends. But the regional price dynamics between ARA and Singapore will probably remain relevant to regulatory-driven demand as well, as energy consumed from blends bunkered in Singapore can be mass balanced to be fully accounted for under the scope of FuelEU Maritime. The pooling mechanism within FuelEU Maritime would also allow for vessels operating on the east-west route to potentially utilise compliance generated from marine biodiesel blends bunkered in Singapore across other vessels that operate solely in Europe. LNG sales picked up by 19.5pc on the quarter and soared by 76.6pc on the year ahead of the introduction of FuelEU Maritime regulations at the start of 2025. Fossil LNG, depending on the type of engine used on board, can help shipowners with LNG-capable vessels meet their FuelEU compliance targets for 2025. The Gate LNG import terminal is planning to start operations at a second jetty for LNG bunker vessels in 2028, pointing to expectations of greater demand. Bio-LNG sales were reported for the first time in 2024 since small volumes in 2021, ahead of FuelEU Maritime regulations. Conventional bunker fuel sales comprising VLSFO, ultra-low sulphur fuel oil (ULSFO), marine gasoil (MGO), marine diesel oil (MDO), and high-sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) dipped by 4.7pc on the quarter but rose by 17.7pc on the year in October-December. VLSFO sales alone were marked higher than HSFO's for the first time at the port since the last three months of 2023. Total VLSFO volumes traded in the fourth quarter came to nearly 811,000t, down by 3pc from the previous quarter, while HSFO sales totalled 780,500t, down by 14pc. Market participants attribute this retail drop-off to considerable local HSFO supply-side constraints at the end of 2024. Thin volumes produced by CDUs at refineries in the Amsterdam-Rotterdam-Antwerp (ARA) hub meant imported volumes were needed to cover shortfalls. Refineries cut throughput runs, reducing residual byproduct output. Biomethanol sales dropped by over half on the quarter, under pressure from thin trading activity, but were 86pc higher on the year in the final quarter of 2024. Shipping giant Maersk has signed several letters of intent for the procurement of biomethanol and e-methanol from producers such as Equinor , Proman and OCI Global . But the European Commission's proposal to exclude automatic certification of biomethane and biomethane-based fuels for the Union Database for Biofuels if relying on gas that has been transported through grids outside the EU, could slow some negotiations for 2025 imports of biomethanol of US origin into the EU. By Hussein Al-Khalisy, Bob Wigin and Evelina Lungu Rotterdam bunker sales t Fuel 4Q24 3Q24 4Q23 q-o-q% y-o-y% VLSFO & ULSFO 1,004,398 1,045,774 847,862 -4 18.5 HSFO 780,437 906,737 643,218 -13.9 21.3 MGO/MDO 395,903 334,752 361,585 18.3 9.5 Conventional total 2,180,738 2,287,263 1,852,665 -4.7 17.7 Biofuel blends 118,201 137,175 233,108 -13.8 -49.3 LNG (m³) 263,068 220,120 148,933 19.5 76.6 bio-LNG (m³) 575 0 0 na na biomethanol 930 2,066 500 -55 86 Port of Rotterdam Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Montana biofuel loan delayed by White House: Calumet


29/01/25
29/01/25

Montana biofuel loan delayed by White House: Calumet

New York, 29 January (Argus) — US refiner Calumet said a $1.4bn federal government loan to help it boost biofuel production was among the billions of dollars of federal spending put on hold by President Donald Trump. In the waning days of President Joe Biden's term, the Department of Energy (DOE) closed a $1.4bn loan agreement with Calumet subsidiary Montana Renewables , which plans to more than double production capacity at its Great Falls, Montana, biofuel plant and convert more output to low-carbon jet fuel. The company was due to receive an initial $782mn loan, with the remaining funds disbursed as the project advances, but Calumetsaid this week that DOE officials said the first tranche was delayed so that officials can confirm "alignment with White House priorities." An order freezing tens of billions of dollars in other federal spending issued this week was blocked by a federal judge and then at least partly rescinded today. Calumet declined to say today whether the administration had provided any updates. The company previously indicated that the Department of Energy estimated the delay would take "days or weeks." The Department of Energy did not immediately respond to a request for comment. Montana Renewables' Great Falls plant currently produces 140mn USG/yr of biofuels, mostly renewable diesel. The planned expansion would allow the facility to produce 300mn USG/yr of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) and 30mn USG/yr of renewable diesel from vegetable oils and tallow. The company said this month that it expects half of that eventual SAF capacity to come online in 2026 and to complete the project in 2028. The Department of Energy's Loan Programs Office, which offers low-interest loans to advanced energy projects, was always expected to be a top target for a new Trump administration. The Inflation Reduction Act gave the office an expanded mission and more lending authority, but Republicans have long argued the office supports risky projects. While companies that had only received conditional commitments from the office are more likely at risk of never seeing federal funds, even projects with final agreements must meet certain commercial and legal conditions to access full debt financing. By Cole Martin Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Brazil biofuels venture to add complex in Alagoas


28/01/25
28/01/25

Brazil biofuels venture to add complex in Alagoas

Sao Paulo, 28 January (Argus) — Brazilian advanced biofuels firm GranBio, biofuels producer Impacto Bioenergia and two sugarcane plant operators will build a biofuels complex in northeastern Alagoas state, the companies said on Monday. The biorefinery project, named Exygen I, will cost an estimated R1.5bn ($253mn) and produce carbon neutral ethanol, biomethane and biofertilizers. It will have production capacity of 160mn l/yr (2,760 b/d) by 2026 and use sugarcane byproducts as feedstock, according to GranBio. Exygen I's estimated biomethane production capacity will be 50mn m³/yr. The complex will produce the renewable gas from vinasse, a by-product of sugarcane processing. Future investments would include increasing Exygen I's storage capacity and biogas distribution. But the initial storage and biogas distribution capacities were not disclosed. The project's next step includes producing biogenic CO2 — made from organic matter decomposition — biofertilizers and e-methanol, used in marine fuels. The project is a joint effort between GranBio, Impacto Bioenergia, Alagoas-based producing unit Caete and sugar and ethanol firm Central Açucareira Santo Antonio. Brazil's fuels of the future law , approved in October, increased incentives for the country's biofuels market. By Maria Frazatto Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

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