India's Group II heavy grade premiums to light grades in April rose to levels last observed in November 2021, because heavy grade supply remained insufficient to meet demand.
Group II heavy-grade premiums to light grades rose to $268/t in April, up from $239/t in March. This is significantly higher than its five-year average premium of $141/t.
India's imported Group II N150 prices fell in April because of a drop in feedstock costs. But Group II heavy grade N500 cfr India prices have risen on limited spot supply availability, widening the spread between the two.
India's delivered N500 prices averaged $1,038/t in April, up from an average of $1,031/t in March. Conversely, light grade N150 cfr India prices averaged $770/t, down from $793/t in March.
Heavy grade spot supply has been persistently limited because Asian refineries typically use lighter crude slates as feedstocks and yield lower volumes of heavy-grade base oils.
A South Korean refinery has reduced spot supply since late 2024 in preparation for maintenance at the end of February, exacerbating tight supply of the heavy grade. Indian Group II domestic supply is also being curtailed between February to April because of maintenance, except for N150, which has remained in ample supply.
Tight supply of Group II heavy grades is expected to ease with the restart of the South Korean refinery in second-half April. This could limit the size of any price upside for heavy grade supplies.