German Sunfire picked for 40MW Finland e-methanol plant

Spanish Market: E-fuels, Hydrogen
08/10/25

German electrolyser manufacturer Sunfire has been awarded a contract by Finnish developer P2X Solutions to carry out a front-end engineering design (FEED) study for a planned 40MW renewable hydrogen plant in Joensuu, Finland.

The facility will use Sunfire's pressurised alkaline electrolysis technology to produce renewable hydrogen for synthetic methanol (e-methanol) production. Biogenic CO2 will be sourced from Savon Voima's biopower operations. The e-methanol is expected to be used in shipping or sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) production.

The collaboration follows P2X's commissioning of its 20MW Harjavalta plant in January, which also deployed Sunfire's alkaline electrolysers.

P2X received a €60mn ($70mn) grant in February from government agency Business Finland to support the Joensuu project.

Subject to final investment decision, the plant is expected to triple P2X's total renewable hydrogen production capacity to 60MW.

By Chingis Idrissov

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18/11/25

Rio Tinto backs low-CO2 iron plant: Correction

Corrects figure for the amount of hydrogen needed by Fortescue to produce iron in paragraph 4 Sydney, 18 November (Argus) — UK-Australian iron ore producer Rio Tinto will invest A$35mn ($23mn) into Australian technology developer Calix to help it build a 30,000 t/yr hydrogen-based direct reduction iron and hot briquetted iron demonstration plant in Kwinana. Rio Tinto's investment package includes A$8mn in cash, 10,000t of Pilbara iron ore, and other in-kind support, Calix said on 17 November. Rio Tinto will be able to market and use Calix's developing technology, on a non-exclusive basis, under the deal, the iron ore producer said. Rio Tinto's Pilbara ore will support early work at the demonstration plant. But Calix will use a range of ore grades and types at the site, including lower-grade fines. Lower-emissions iron projects generally use higher-grade magnetite ore. Calix's Zero Emissions Steel Technology (Zesty) process uses 54kg of hydrogen to produce 1t of iron, the company said on 23 July. Australian producer Fortescue expects to use 51kg of hydrogen to make 1t of iron. Calix plans to open its Zesty demonstration plant in 2028. The Australian Renewable Energy Agency awarded Calix a A$45mn grant to support the project in July. Calix will build the plant on the proposed site of Rio Tinto's BioIron pilot plant. Rio Tinto has planned to produce 1 t/hr of iron using biomass and iron ore at the site. But the company is still working on BioIron's final design, it said today. Rio Tinto has not announced a timeline for its BioIron project. Rio Tinto is also working on other low-emission iron projects. It is part of the NeoSmelt consortium — made up of five major metals and energy producers — that is developing a 30,000-40,000 t/yr direct reduction iron plant. NeoSmelt may further process iron produced by Calix, Rio Tinto said. By Avinash Govind Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Plug Power warns pausing DOE activities risks loan

13/11/25

Plug Power warns pausing DOE activities risks loan

Houston, 13 November (Argus) — US hydrogen and electrolyzer manufacturer Plug Power warned investors that suspending activities related to its Department of Energy (DOE) loan guarantee carries a risk of losing access permanently to the low-cost federal financing. "Our decision to temporarily suspend activities related to the DOE loan could adversely affect our access to low-cast capital, delay project execution, and expose us to potential termination or modification of the DOE loan guarantee," the company said in a 10-Q form filed earlier this month with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Plug Power announced this week that it was suspending activities related to the $1.7bn loan guarantee while it considers reallocating capital away from previously announced plans. The loan facility, granted in the final days of the outgoing administration of President Joe Biden, was supposed to have financed the development of up to six green hydrogen plants in the US. However, all of those activities were put on hold after the administration of President Donald Trump paused clean energy commitments made under Biden pending further review. After months of engaging with Trump's DOE , Plug Power suspended activities related to the loan in November, including "projects previously contemplated in New York and Texas," according to the filing. Suspending activities on the projects may result in the DOE terminating the loan guarantee commitment if the agency determines Plug Power is not meeting required conditions or projected milestones, the company said. Plug Power has spent $250mn so far on the $800mn Texas project and expected to cover $400mn with the DOE loan. The company had been seeking an equity partner to make up the remainder of the cost. Since suspending the activities, Plug Power has announced a spate of deals to raise liquidity and pivot away from federal support, including joint development projects with renewable fuel producers, international electrolyzer deals, and signing away electricity rights to raise cash. Plug Power did not respond to a request from Argus for comment. By Jasmina Kelemen Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Ammonia viable bunker fuel under IMO plan: Fortescue

13/11/25

Ammonia viable bunker fuel under IMO plan: Fortescue

Sydney, 13 November (Argus) — Ammonia could emerge as a cost-effective alternative to conventional bunker fuels under the International Maritime Organization's proposed carbon levy and reward system, according to Australian mining firm Fortescue. The IMO first drafted its net-zero Framework in April 2025 aiming to achieve net zero by 2050 — by penalising vessels that emit above a set emission threshold and rewarding those below the threshold for adopting low-carbon fuels. Details on the rewards and penalties have yet to be finalised after a meeting to adopt the draft amendments was stalled last month due to pressure from some member states, including the US. A new meeting has been scheduled for October next year. The industry is hopeful the IMO's net-zero framework will be adopted, as it could help offset high costs for low-carbon fuels such as green ammonia, Fortescue project manager Matthew Garland said at the Low Carbon Fuels and CCUS Summit on 5 November in Perth. Fortescue currently uses very-low sulphur fuel oil (VLSFO) in its bulk carriers transporting iron ore to China. But the use of VLSFO for marine bunkering could become more expensive if the IMO introduces penalties for its usage. These penalties are projected to raise around $11-12bn annually by 2030, which the IMO plans to redistribute as incentives for lower-emission fuels. Green ammonia, a lower-emission alternative to VLSFO, remains costly due to its lower energy density, which means ships require about 2.2 times more ammonia than VLSFO, plus a small amount of pilot fuel, Garland said. Under the IMO's proposed carbon rewards, green ammonia could receive up to A$1,000/t ($656/t) in incentives, potentially bringing it close to cost parity with VLSFO under Fortescue's cost modelling. An ammonia vessel could achieve a maximum emissions reduction of 70pc if it uses the lowest-emission green ammonia continuously, Fortescue said. The company is already testing ammonia as a marine fuel with its Green Pioneer dual-fuel vessel , which completed a voyage from the Netherlands to southern France using ammonia bunkered at Rotterdam earlier this year. Australian miner BHP and China's largest shipping company Cosco have signed a deal to charter two ammonia-dual-fuelled bulk carriers , BHP announced in July. The vessels are expected to be delivered in 2028. But these are not necessarily using the lowest-emission ammonia. Australia's current green ammonia production is negligible, as the vast majority is produced from fossil fuels. But the Australian federal Labor government awarded A$814mn in production credits under its Hydrogen Headstart programme to Murchison Green Hydrogen for its planned 900,000 t/yr green ammonia plant in Western Australia (WA) earlier this year. By Grace Dudley Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Global hydrogen output far below net-zero needs: IEA

12/11/25

Global hydrogen output far below net-zero needs: IEA

London, 12 November (Argus) — Global production of low-emissions hydrogen falls well short of the volumes needed to achieve net zero emissions by mid-century under two of the main scenarios in the IEA's latest World Energy Outlook (WEO). Under the IEA's Current Policies Scenario (CPS), which assumes no changes to existing policies, output of low-emissions hydrogen reaches around 11mn t/yr by 2035. Even in the Stated Policies Scenario (Steps) — which includes announced government targets and measures — production rises only to 13mn t/yr by 2035, the IEA said. That is just 10pc of the 123mn t/yr required by 2035 under its Net Zero Emissions by 2050 (NZE) pathway. The watchdog's report shows that while policy momentum is growing, especially for renewable hydrogen via electrolysis, the current project pipeline is far from sufficient to meet Paris Agreement goals. Hydrogen demand increases in all scenarios, but low-emissions supply mainly serves new uses rather than replacing fossil-based hydrogen, the IEA said. This means continued reliance on hydrogen from unabated natural gas reforming and other fossil routes. In Steps, global hydrogen output rises to 125mn t/yr by 2035, but around 75pc still comes from unabated fossil fuels. Of the 13mn t/yr of low-emissions hydrogen, 10mn t/yr is from electrolysis, supported by 100GW of installed electrolyser capacity, up from 1.5GW in 2024. The remaining 3mn t/yr comes from carbon capture and storage (CCS)-based production. By contrast, the NZE scenario requires low-emissions hydrogen to surge from less than 1mn t/yr today to 123mn t/yr by 2035, displacing fossil-based hydrogen across industry, transport and power. The gap is stark in heavy industry. In NZE, more than 35pc of hydrogen used in industry comes from low-emissions sources by 2035, mainly for steel and chemicals. In Steps, high costs and weak policy support keep most industrial hydrogen unabated. Hydrogen-based fuels also play a key role in transport under NZE. By 2035, they meet around 30pc of global shipping energy demand, with low-emissions ammonia and synthetic methanol replacing heavy fuel oil. In aviation, synthetic kerosine from hydrogen and captured CO2 covers 3pc of global fuel demand. The power sector uses hydrogen and ammonia for seasonal storage and flexibility in NZE, supplying around 1.5pc of global generation fuel by 2035, the IEA said. By Chingis Idrissov Low-emissions hydrogen balance under different IEA scenarios mn t Current policies scenario (CPS) Stated policies scenario (STEPS) Net Zero Emissions by 2050 (NZE) 2024 2035 2050 2035 2050 2035 2050 Low-emissions H2 production 0.70 11.0 33.0 13.0 39.0 123.0 376.0 Water electrolysis 0.10 8.0 29.0 10.0 33.0 92.0 304.0 Fossil fuels with CCUS 0.50 3.0 5.0 3.0 6.0 30.0 71.0 Bioenergy & other 0.00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 Transformation of H2 0.30 8.0 25.0 8.0 25.0 80.0 199.0 To power generation - 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 21.0 39.0 To hydrogen-based fuels 0.00 4.0 18.0 4.0 18.0 49.0 151.0 In oil refining 0.30 2.0 3.0 2.0 4.0 8.0 5.0 To biofuels 0.00 0.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 3.0 4.0 H2 demand for end-use sectors 0.40 3.0 8.0 5.0 14.0 41.0 170.0 Low-emissions H2-based fuels - 4.0 18.0 4.0 17.0 46.0 151.0 Total final consumption - 2.0 15.0 2.0 14.0 32.0 131.0 Power generation - 1.0 3.0 1.0 3.0 15.0 19.0 Trade 0.00 6.0 22.0 7.0 22.0 27.0 68.0 Trade as share of demand 0% 61% 65% 50% 56% 22% 18% International Energy Agency, World Energy Outlook 2025 Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

CBAM price method, verification drafts leaked

11/11/25

CBAM price method, verification drafts leaked

London, 11 November (Argus) — The certificate price for EU's carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM) will be calculated using prices from all auctions under the EU emissions trading system (ETS), a draft implementing act prepared by the commission and seen by Argus suggests. Another leaked draft on verifiers suggests that the European Commission may allow verifiers to conduct virtual site visits, provided certain conditions are met. The CBAM certificate price will be a volume-weighted average of all auctions under the EU ETS, including allowances auctioned by all auctioneers, by member states through an opt-out platform, as well as by the bloc's funds and third countries through the common auction platform, according to a draft implementing regulation. The calculation of the CBAM certificate price will be based on auction clearing prices. The calendar weekly or quarterly price averages will be used in such calculations "for the sake of simplicity", determined in euros and rounded to two decimals, the draft said. The commission will determine the CBAM certificate price "as soon as possible", once all the necessary information is made available to it. One single price "should only be published by the Commission," according to the draft. It will be publicly available on the commission's website "in a directly accessible manner and free of charge". The price will also be available to authorised CBAM declarants' accounts in the CBAM registry. The regulation provides a method for calculating CBAM certificate prices on a quarterly basis for 2026 and a weekly basis from 2027 onwards. The commission will announce the quarterly price within the first calendar week following the related calendar quarter. Quarterly prices will be made available to authorised declarants in the CBAM registry from the third quarter of 2026. From 2027, the commission will publish CBAM certificate prices on the first working day following the week relevant for the calculation. Separately, another draft act on the verification of embedded emissions data suggests accredited verifiers will have the option to replace a physical site visit by a virtual one every other year, without being subject to approval by competent authorities. A physical site visit will still be required for the first year, subject to verification, and physical site visits should occur at least every two years, according to the draft. A verifier can also conduct a virtual visit, should a physical one be impossible due to "serious, extraordinary and unforeseeable circumstances". A single electronic template will be developed by the commission and be made available to all verifiers for use. Verifiers may waive the obligation to conduct a physical site visit of a power-generating installation, provided that a set of conditions are fulfilled, according to the draft. By Erisa Senerdem Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

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German Sunfire picked for 40MW Finland e-methanol plant

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Rio Tinto backs low-CO2 iron plant: Correction

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Plug Power warns pausing DOE activities risks loan

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Ammonia viable bunker fuel under IMO plan: Fortescue

Ammonia viable bunker fuel under IMO plan: Fortescue

Global hydrogen output far below net-zero needs: IEA

Global hydrogen output far below net-zero needs: IEA

CBAM price method, verification drafts leaked

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