Азотные мощности в Европе останавливаются из-за удорожания газа

  • : Fertilizers
  • 22/08/25

Рекордные цены на природный газ в Европе, который является основной статьей расходов для производителей аммиака и азотсодержащих удобрений, вынуждают европейские компании останавливать мощности или сокращать выпуск продукции. За последние дни этот процесс набрал обороты.

Сначала польская госкомпания Grupa Azoty сообщила, что с 23 августа останавливает на неопределенный срок производство азотсодержащих удобрений на своем самом крупном заводе в Пулавы на востоке страны. Мощности по выпуску аммиака на данном предприятии будут загружены лишь на 10%. Сроки возвращения завода в эксплуатацию неизвестны. Компания оценит стоимость газа и рентабельность своей продукции, прежде чем принимать решение о запуске завода, а пока будет проводить модернизацию и ремонтные работы.

С 23 августа Grupa Azoty остановила и свой завод в Тарнуве, а на следующий день объявила, что сократит объем производства на предприятии в Кендзежине до минимального уровня, или до 43% проектной мощности. На этом заводе выпускается несколько видов азотсодержащих удобрений.

В совокупности предприятиям Azoty в Пулавы, Кендзежине и Тарнуве требуется около 1,8 млрд м3/год природного газа. Завод компании в Полице на северо-западе страны остается одним из немногих предприятий, еще не снизивших выпуск удобрений ввиду рекордных цен на газ.

Второй по величине польский производитель удобрений Anwil 23 августа тоже остановил выпуск азотсодержащих продуктов ввиду скачка цен на природный газ. Anwil принадлежит завод по производству аммиака и известково-аммиачной селитры (ИАС) во Влоцлавеке в центральной части Польши.

Производители азотных удобрений в других европейских странах — британский CF UK, литовская Achema, французский Borealis и венгерский Nitrogenmuvek — 24 августа подтвердили, что останавливают или уже остановили мощности ввиду слишком быстрого удорожания газа.

Литовская компания Achema в следующем месяце планирует полностью прекратить выработку удобрений. В конце 2021 г. производитель уже остановил один агрегат по выпуску аммиака, а вторая линия будет выведена из эксплуатации в первых числах сентября, объявил генеральный директор Achema по литовскому национальному радио.

Остановка завода Achema, возможно, также отразится на работе литовского предприятия «Лифоса», которое выпускает фосфорсодержащие удобрения. Мощности «Лифосы» были возвращены в эксплуатацию в начале августа, и с тех пор комплекс получал аммиак для переработки от Achema.

Британская компания CF UK продолжит выпускать аммиачную селитру на заводе в Биллингеме, но будет перерабатывать импортный аммиак, поскольку установка по выпуску этого сырья на предприятии выводится из эксплуатации.

В Венгрии комплекс производителя Nitrogenmuvek сейчас полностью остановлен. Предприятие, выпускающее ИАС, со II квартала работало с низкой загрузкой.

Во Франции завод компании Borealis в Гранпюи, который производит аммиачную селитру и карбамидо-аммиачную смесь (КАС), в сентябре — октябре будет простаивать. Другие предприятия производителя работают с неполной загрузкой.

Несколько европейских заводов по-прежнему производят азотные удобрения, но объем выпуска карбамида сократился до 40% обычного показателя, а выработка селитры уменьшилась примерно на столько же.

Наконец, 25 августа крупнейший в Европе производитель удобрений, норвежская компания Yara, объявила, что тоже снижает производство. Согласно сообщению компании, в результате ее мощности по выпуску аммиака в Европе будут загружены лишь где-то на 35%. На своих европейских предприятиях Yara может производить 3,1 млн т/год аммиака и 4 млн т/год готовых удобрений: 1,8 млн т/год карбамида, 1,9 млн т/год различной селитры и 300 тыс. т/год NPK-удобрений, по данным производителя.

Перспективы развития рынков удобрений в фокусе обсуждения конференции «Argus Минеральные удобрения – 2022. Рынки стран СНГ, Каспия и Черного моря» 15–16 сентября, Батуми (Грузия).


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