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EU maritime law to encourage LNG over UCO: NGO

  • Spanish Market: Biofuels, Natural gas
  • 24/06/21

The forthcoming EU regulation to reduce maritime CO2 emissions provides scope for shipping's continued use of LNG as is a blow to the market for used cooking oil (UCO), said environmental campaign group Transport & Environment (T&E).

The European Commission will next month put forward legislation to force ships to reduce average greenhouse gas (GHG) intensity of energy used by 6pc by 2030, by 49pc by 2050 and by 75pc by 2050, all from 2020 levels. It estimates the cost of achieving this at €90bn by 2050.

T&E says that this simple carbon intensity target would allow for LNG to be compliant for up to two decades even if the low-pressure four-stroke Otto LNG engine ceases to be compliant from 2025. T&E argues that the draft targets would enable the low-pressure two-stroke Otto engine, with medium methane slippage, to be compliant to at least until 2030. A two-stroke high pressure dual-fuel engine, with a diesel cycle, would be compliant until 2040.

T&E calculates that LNG in dual-fuel high-pressure, diesel-cycle engines would be the cheapest compliance option, at €0.85-€0.93/GJ in 2030. It sees waste-based biofuels as the second most cost-competitive option, with a forecast 2030 price of between €1.48-€3.20/GJ, and sees green ammonia's 2030 price at €2.69-€6.72/GJ.

Similarly, a shipping agent calculates that the GHG-intensity threshold is set for LNG-fuelled engines and will incentivise switching fuel oil to LNG. The agent is not sure how much additional carbon-intensity reductions the measure will achieve on top of those pursued by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). And there are questions about how the maritime GHG-intensity reductions will work when the shipping sector is included in the EU emissions trading system (ETS).

The commission's 193-page impact assessment counters that there is a 9.5 factor difference between worst- and best-case scenarios for LNG GHG intensity. It estimates that fossil LNG, in a four-stroke engine, has a GHG performance of 709.49g-CO2 e/kWh, waste-based organic biogas of 248.39g-CO2 e/kWh, and renewable synthetic gas of 75.19g-CO2 e/kWh, all following well-to-wake calculations.

T&E wants the EU to include a sub-target, or ideally a high multiplier of five for 'green' e-fuels. It said that there should be limits on pooling or exchange of credits to e-fuels only, and a clear ban on crop-based biofuels and natural gas as compliance options.

The European Parliament and EU member states will have to agree on a final legal text. If approved as proposed, T&E projects that fossil LNG could reach 18.8pc of total energy used in EU-related shipping in 2030 and 35.3pc by 2035, or 7mn t/yr by 2030 and 11.2mn t/yr by 2035.

T&E sees additional EU shipping demand taking 5.1mn t/yr of UCO feedstock in 2030, on top of demand forecast for road transport and aviation of 6.3mn t/yr in 2030. This means that up to 9.7mn t/yr of UCO imports would be needed, more than six times higher than current levels. T&E noted recent research indicating higher EU demand creating incentives for UCO adulteration.

The commission said that there will be sufficient supply of non-agricultural oils, like UCO, by 2030. It projects the maritime sector to consume only 20pc of feedstock available in the bloc by that date, and between 27-34pc by 2050.

"The remaining feedstock is consumed in other transport sectors such as road transport and aviation," officials note.

The European Waste-to-Advanced Biofuels Association (Ewaba) is less concerned by increased maritime demand, but said the commission's proposals for aviation could "completely" distort the sector and "divert more than half of feedstocks" towards that sector. This would undermine climate mitigation efforts in road and maritime sectors. Ewaba was waste lipids like UCO to be reserved for the road and maritime sectors.


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07/02/25

Trump planning rollout of 'reciprocal' tariffs

Trump planning rollout of 'reciprocal' tariffs

Washington, 7 February (Argus) — President Donald Trump is considering announcing "mostly reciprocal tariffs" on an undisclosed number of countries early next week, in a possible shift from a campaign plan to impose universal tariffs of 10-20pc against all imports to the US. Trump did not provide specifics on the idea, but said he would probably have a meeting on 10 or 11 February before making an announcement. The potential rollout of the reciprocal tariffs appears likely to take place after China's planned 10 February date to start collecting a 10pc tariff on crude, coal and LNG from the US that Beijing imposed in response to a 10pc blanket tariff that Trump has placed on Chinese imports. "I think that's the only fair way to do it," Trump said of his plan to "probably" pursue reciprocal tariffs. "That way, nobody's hurt. They charge us, we charge them. It's the same thing. And I seem to be going in that line, as opposed to a flat fee tariff." Trump has said he views tariffs — which he says is his "favorite word" — as a virtually cost-free way to raise revenue that will cut the US trade deficit and boost domestic manufacturing, without raising prices for goods in the US. But earlier this week, Trump delayed his plan to place an across-the-board 25pc tariff on Canada and Mexico just hours before it was set to take effect, as stock markets began to plunge on the threat of the start of a damaging trade war between the US and its two largest trading partners. The vast majority of economists say across-the-board tariffs are an inefficient way of raising revenue, with costs that would fall the hardest on low-income and middle-income US consumers already reeling from years of inflation. US Senate minority leader Chuck Schumer (D-New York) on 2 February said kicking off a tariff war with Canada and Mexico "makes 100pc no sense" and would raise costs for US consumers. Trump discussed his reciprocal tariff idea today during a press conference with Japan's prime minister Shigeru Ishiba. Trump said he wants to "get rid of" the US' trade deficit with Japan he estimates is $100bn/yr, primarily by selling the country US oil, LNG and ethanol. Trump said he also spoke with Ishiba about efforts related to the "pipeline in Alaska", an apparent reference to the proposed 20mn t/yr Alaska LNG project, which is expected to cost more than $40bn and would require building a natural gas pipeline across Alaska. Ishiba said it was "wonderful" that Trump had lifted a temporary pause on LNG licensing on his first day in office, and said Japan was interested in purchasing US LNG, ethanol, ammonia and other resources as a way to cut down on the US trade deficit with Japan. "If we are able to buy those at a stable and reasonable price, I think it would be a wonderful situation," Ishiba said through a translator. Japan is keen to increase its overall investment in the US to $1 trillion, Ishiba said. By Chris Knight Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Crude Summit: P66 eyes US northeast renewables: Update


07/02/25
07/02/25

Crude Summit: P66 eyes US northeast renewables: Update

Adds info on SAF, other details. Houston, 7 February (Argus) — US refiner Philips 66 is weighing producing renewable fuels in the northeastern US if more states adopt low carbon fuel standards. The company is considering producing renewables at its 258,500 b/d Bayway refinery in Linden, New Jersey, if state mandates are approved and implemented, vice president of renewables Suresh Vaidyanathan said on the sidelines of the Argus Global Crude Summit Americas in Houston, Texas, on Friday. The renewables could be processed along with traditional fuels at the refinery. Bayway is the largest refinery on the US Atlantic coast. Phillips 66 could possibly produce renewable diesel or sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) at the refinery, depending on the specifics of the state laws, Vaidyanathan said. The company said it is "constantly evaluating all of our assets for lower carbon opportunities." New Jersey senators last year proposed legislation to establish what could be the first US east coast clean fuels mandate. In New York, bills to establish a clean fuel standard now count the majority of the state assembly and senate as co-sponsors. But similar proposals have stalled in prior years, in part because some progressive lawmakers worry about potentially boosting biofuels at the expense of electrification. New York state agencies are separately studying the potential impacts of a "clean transportation standard" but have given no indication of when they could release their findings. Phillips 66's Rodeo renewables plant in California reported throughputs of 42,000 b/d in the fourth quarter of 2024 after beginning full operations last year. Phillips 66 said today it is producing SAF at the Rodeo refinery. United Airlines announced in December that it agreed to buy SAF from Phillips 66's Rodeo facility as soon as the product came online. Phillips 66's renewable fuels business logged a $28mn profit in the fourth quarter of 2024 driven by higher margins at the Rodeo complex and stronger international results. By Eunice Bridges Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Tariffs have ‘pluses and minuses’: ConocoPhillips


07/02/25
07/02/25

Tariffs have ‘pluses and minuses’: ConocoPhillips

New York, 7 February (Argus) — Threatened US tariffs targeting Canadian imports have both "pluses and minuses" for US independent producer ConocoPhillips which has production on both sides of the northern border. The company's primary exposure to tariffs would center upon sales from its Surmont oil sands operations in Alberta, Canada, into the US. "We sell around half of our Surmont liquids into the US on a mix of pipeline and rail," said Andy O'Brien, ConocoPhillips senior vice president for strategy, commercial, sustainability and technology. "But the remainder is actually transported to the Canadian West coast or sold in the local Alberta market." If tariffs were to be implemented, it is "pretty difficult" to say exactly who would carry the burden -- producers or buyers -- he added. "The refiners in the Midwest and the Rockies have less options to substitute versus, say, the Gulf coast or the west coast refiners," O'Brien said. The company's diversified portfolio would also help shelter it from some exposure. "If we were to see tariffs, we'd likely see strengthening differentials for Bakken, for [Alaska North Slope crude] and possibly even the Permian," said O'Brien. "So lots of moving parts." Like others in the oil industry, ConocoPhillips is looking at the potential to supply power to cater to the boom in AI data centers. "It's got to be competitive for capital, but it certainly looks like some growth opportunities potentially coming, and we're assessing some of those opportunities right now," chief executive officer Ryan Lance told analysts after posting fourth quarter results. Although the Trump administration has called on domestic producers to step up output, Lance said his priority was to drive further efficiencies in operations. "A lot of our focus and attention right now is on permitting reform," Lance said, and the need to build out energy infrastructure. Drilling approvals, rights of ways, and permits on federal land all slowed under the administration of former-president Joe Biden and there is an opportunity now to get back on track. "That just adds to the overall efficiency of the system and should lead to a more sustained plateau or growth in our production coming out of the Lower 48 in terms of liquids and certainly the growing amount of gas volumes that are coming as well," Lance said. "So it just creates a better environment for investment and more efficient operations." Full-year 2025 output at ConocoPhillips is seen in the range of 2.34mn-2.38mn b/d of oil equivalent (boe/d), which includes 20,000 boe/d of planned turnarounds. Fourth quarter 2024 profit fell to $2.3bn from $3bn in the final three months of 2023, as higher volumes were more than offset by acquisition-related expenses and lower prices. Averaged realized prices fell 10pc to $52.37/boe from the fourth quarter of 2023. Fourth quarter output of 2.18mn boe/d represented an increase of 281,000 boe/d from the same quarter of the previous year. After adjusting for acquisitions and dispositions, output grew by 6pc. As part of a $2bn divestment goal, ConocoPhillips has signed agreements to sell non-core Lower 48 assets for $600mn. They are expected to close in the first half of the year. By Stephen Cunningham Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Crude Summit: US to remain top crude producer


06/02/25
06/02/25

Crude Summit: US to remain top crude producer

Houston, 6 February (Argus) — The US is likely to remain the world's top crude producer for some time to come, according to shale executives at the Argus Global Crude Summit Americas in Houston, Texas, today. "In the foreseeable future, I don't really see a lot of change," said Shannon Flowers, director of crude and water marketing at Coterra Energy. There is still enough high-quality acreage to go after, while efficiency gains around faster drilling times and targeting longer wells are also helping to drive output gains. "There's a lot of creativity that goes on in trying to understand how we can do more with less," Flowers said today at the event. While the rig count is down 20pc over the last two years, production has grown by more than 1mn b/d. "Doing more with less is kind of a common theme," Flowers said in reference to operations at Coterra and across the industry. "I expect that to continue." While the Permian has dominated all the attention of late, the offshore Gulf of Mexico is likely to be an important driver of output going forward, with several projects starting up this year. Other regions such as the Rockies, Wyoming and possibly Utah could also see some growth. A recent round of mergers and acquisitions that saw $300bn of upstream oil and gas deals inked has further to run, says John Argo, vice president for the Williston Basin at Continental Resources. "There will continue to be more consolidation," Argo said. Scarcity with regard to remaining high-quality acreage means that valuations will continue to climb, he said. By Stephen Cunningham Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Crude Summit: Asset-backed oil trades on the rise


06/02/25
06/02/25

Crude Summit: Asset-backed oil trades on the rise

Houston, 6 February (Argus) — Asset-backed trading is becoming commonplace in the oil industry as companies up and down the supply chain bring capabilities in-house, delegates heard at the Argus Global Crude Summit Americas in Houston, Texas, today. "Traditionally, long term hedging was popular, and it still is, but in general we've seen a move towards the front end of the curve," said CME Group's managing director and global head of energy and environmental products Peter Keavey. "The risks are really in the prompt," said Keavy. "We're seeing a lot of hedging in the short term [and] that also is reflective of asset-based optimization." HC Group managing partner Paul Chapman has also noticed a continued shift in trading by banks, which either exited or scaled down operations in 2014 and 2015, to those directly in the industry. "I would argue that pretty much every single business around the world — producer, miner, refiner, retailer of fuels and major — is on some spectrum of developing some asset trading," said Chapman. "And it's driven by a need to capture more margin." Changing trade flows have naturally had a bearing on who becomes more involved in individual markets. "Over the past five years, European players have more and more exposure to US molecules, whether it be crude oil or natural gas," said Keavey, which has driven the growth of trade of WTI, RBOB, gasoline, and heating oil in international markets. Changing energy policy, and policies to reach other political objectives, have a tendency to shape energy flows, whether they are intended or not, the speakers said. The Russian-Ukraine conflict is a prime example, and there are clear signs that US president Donald Trump's second term in office will do the same. "As this world gets more shaped by trade wars and there's more and more government intervention, that itself starts to break down some of the fundamentals of how some of these markets work," said Chapman. Keavey expects Canadian crude to continue to flow even under a Canada-US trade war, but "the question is, what disruption happens to the pricing?" By Brett Holmes Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

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