Chile spearheads green hydrogen strategy
Chile has launched a long-term green hydrogen strategy as a way to exploit surplus renewable energy capacity, diversify its export-oriented economy and meet its emissions goals.
By 2050, the country could produce 25mn t/yr of green hydrogen, and earn $30bn/yr from liquefied exports, capturing 50pc of the Japanese and South Korean markets and 20pc of the Chinese market, according to a McKinsey consultancy study cited by energy minister Juan Carlos Jobet in a presentation today.
Chile's projected 2030 production would represent 5pc of global green hydrogen market.
Although Chile's exports would have higher logistical costs because of market distance, they would be among the world's least expensive because of lower production costs, Jobet said.
He cited more than 20 pilot projects already on the drawing board in Chile, including a green methanol and gasoline initiative based on a 30MW wind farm in far-south Magallanes, with Chile's AME, Italy's Enel Green Power, Germany's Siemens and Porche. The project would be built at state-owned oil company Enap's Cabo Negro installations.
France's Engie and Chilean explosives manufacturer Enaex are working on a green ammonia pilot project in the northern Antofagasta region, based on 1GW of solar, to launch in 2024.
Chile generated 44pc of its electricity from renewable sources in 2019, a level projected to reach 70pc in 2030.
"We have 70 times more renewable energy generating capacity than we currently consume, so we have to find ways to take advantage of that potential, not only to improve our quality of life, but also to export this to the world, to generate income and contribute to the goal of carbon neutrality," Jobet said.
Chile currently boasts $28.6bn in renewable energy projects, with 49pc under construction and 51pc awaiting environmental permits. Solar accounts for 49pc of the total, followed by wind with 18pc.
Jobet noted the potential for hydrogen marine fuel, which would help to reduce overall emissions associated with the country's copper exports. Diesel used at Chile's copper mines would be replaced with hydrogen as well.
Jobet was careful to distinguish the hydrogen potential from lithium, of which Chile is a leading producer. Lithium batteries are heavy but they provide an energy burst, while hydrogen-based energy is more akin to a marathon, he said.
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Industry leaders urge realism in green hydrogen push
Industry leaders urge realism in green hydrogen push
Dubai, 28 April (Argus) — Hydrogen and its derivatives will have a critically important role to play in accelerating the energy transition but policymakers need to be more realistic given that many of the technologies are still in their infancy, energy industry leaders from the Middle East and Europe said Sunday at a special meeting of the World Economic Forum in the Saudi capital Riyadh. "The market is a challenge," UAE energy minister Suhail al-Mazrouei said. "There is development of the market, but are we there yet? No. At the same time, are we serious about our production? I would say yes. It's between planning something, and getting the result you are aiming for." The UAE is planning to produce 1.4mn t/yr of hydrogen by 2031, more than 70pc of which will be green hydrogen, al-Mazrouei said. In the longer term the country aims to build its hydrogen capacity to 15mn t/yr by 2050. "Clean energy is something we decided to venture into 17 years ago when we began investing in the likes of [UAE state-owned renewables firm] Masdar and started thinking about what would happen after we export the last barrel of oil," UAE energy minister Suhail al-Mazrouei said. "What we did first is regulate and put a strategy of how much to produce." Al-Mazrouei's Saudi counterpart, Prince Abdulaziz bin Salman, voiced similar concerns. "We don't mind partnering with everybody… With the Koreans, the Japanese, our friends the UAE… but there are challenges," he said. "There is a lack of clarity on the policies, a lack of clarity on the receiving or consumer end, a lack of clarity on the incentives and a lack of clarity around what it takes to develop these technologies." Arguably more prohibitive is the "economics" of new energies such as hydrogen, he said. The cost of green hydrogen today is "between roughly $250-300/bl of oil equivalent," Prince Abdulaziz said. "What kind of a business acumen would choose to buy at $250-300/bl?" Al-Mazrouei agreed that costs are too high. "We cannot just treat the consumers as if they are ready to just pay double or triple the price [of conventional energies today]." Let's be serious The EU has set ambitious targets on renewable hydrogen. In 2022, the bloc doubled its 2030 production target to 10mn t/yr, from 5.6mn t/yr previously, and it is also working towards a separate pledge to import another 10mn t/yr by the same date. The production target is an unrealistic goal, according to the Saudi energy minister. "Those projects that have crossed the finishing line only come to 400,000t ꟷ around 4pc of the target," Prince Abdulaziz said. "How is it conceivable that in 2024, only 4pc has been achieved? How can people imagine that 10mn t/yr can be achieved?" TotalEnergies chief executive Patrick Pouyanne, who was speaking on the same panel, was even more blunt in his assessment, describing the EU's target as "impossible" and "not in reality". "Let us recognise that we are still at the infancy stage, and stop speaking about 10mn t, 20mn t, just to the media. It makes no sense," Pouyanne said. "Let's just be serious about it and find the right roadmap. Yes, we probably won't reach our target by 2030, but that's not a problem. It's more important to take steps and spend the money economically, to give them affordable and clean energy." By Nader Itayim Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
High inventories pressure Brazil biodiesel prices
High inventories pressure Brazil biodiesel prices
Sao Paulo, 26 April (Argus) — Logistical differentials for Brazilian biodiesel contracts to supply fuel distributors in May and June fell from March and April values, reflecting higher inventories and a bumper crop of soybeans for crushing, which could increase vegetable oil production. The formula for the logistics differential of plants includes the quote of the soybean oil futures contract in Chicago, its differential for export cargoes in the port of Paranagua and the Brazilian real-US dollar exchange rate. It is the portion in the pricing linked to producers' margin. Negotiations for May and June started with plants seeking higher values to recover part of the losses incurred by unscheduled stops , the result of retailers' delays in collecting biodiesel. But the supply glut has not abated, leading to a drop in prices. With higher inventories in the market, fuel distributors stuck close to acquisition goals established by oil regulator ANP for the May-June period. Sales are expected to gain traction over the next two months, as blended diesel demand traditionally gets a seasonal boost from agricultural-sector consumption linked to grain and sugarcane crops. The distribution sector expects an extension of the current supply-demand imbalance, exacerbated by significant volumes of imported diesel at ports and lower-than-expected demand. The situation has generated concern among many participants, who see this trend as a potential sign of non-compliance with the biodiesel blending mandate. ANP data show that the compliance rate with the Brazilian B14 diesel specification dropped to 83.4pc in April from 95.2pc in March, reaching the lowest level since the 2016 start of monitoring. Non-compliance with the minimum biodiesel content accounted for 67pc of the infractions recorded during the period compared to a historical average rate of 47pc. The recent end to a special tax regime for fuel importing companies offered by northern Amapa state's secretary of finance should end a significant source of diesel price distortions and help rebalance supply in the country. Variations The steepest decline in differentials took place in northeastern Bahia state, where premiums for the period ranged from R600-830/m³ (44.35-61.35¢/USG), down from R730-1,020/m³ in the March-April period, according to a recent Argus survey. In the northern microregion of Goias-Tocantins states, the premium range also dropped by around R142/m³ to R300-535/m³ from R440-680/m³. By Alexandre Melo Brazil biodiesel plant differentials R/m³ May/June March/April ± Low High Low High Rio Grande do Sul 110 380 280 450 -120 Sorriso-Nova Mutum 50 340 220 350 -90 Cuiaba-Rondonopolis 80 405 280 450 -123 Northern of Goiás-Tocantins 300 535 440 680 -142 Southern of Goias 350 500 450 650 -125 Parana-Santa Catarina 150 450 400 480 -140 Bahia 600 830 730 1,120 -210 Source: Argus survey Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
Lyondell Houston refinery to run at 95pc in 2Q
Lyondell Houston refinery to run at 95pc in 2Q
Houston, 26 April (Argus) — LyondellBasell plans to run its 264,000 b/d Houston, Texas, refinery at average utilization rates of 95pc in the second quarter and may convert its hydrotreaters to petrochemical production when the plant shuts down in early 2025. The company's sole crude refinery ran at an average 79pc utilization rate in the first quarter due to planned maintenance on a coking unit , the company said in earnings released today . "We are evaluating options for the potential reuse of the hydrotreaters at our Houston refinery to purify recycled and renewable cracker feedstocks," chief executive Peter Vanacker said on a conference call today discussing earnings. Lyondell said last year a conversion would feed the company's two 930,000 metric tonnes (t)/yr steam crackers at its Channelview petrochemicals complex. The company today said it plans to make a final investment decision on the conversion in 2025. Hydrotreater conversions — such as one Chevron completed last year at its 269,000 b/d El Segundo, California, refinery — allow the unit to produce renewable diesel, which creates renewable naphtha as a byproduct. Renewable naphtha can be used as a gasoline blending component, steam cracker feed or feed for hydrogen producing units, according to engineering firm Topsoe. Lyondell last year said the Houston refinery will continue to run until early 2025, delaying a previously announced plan to stop crude processing by the end of 2023. By Nathan Risser Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
Germany urges closer NDC-climate finance link
Germany urges closer NDC-climate finance link
Berlin, 26 April (Argus) — German federal chancellor Olaf Scholz today stressed the need for nationally determined contributions (NDC) to the Paris climate deal to provide a framework and incentive for climate finance. NDCs — emissions cut targets which countries must draw up and regularly update under the Paris agreement — should provide "clear roadmaps for decarbonisation" to incentivise and reassure private investors, Scholz said at the 15th Petersberg climate dialogue in Berlin, a forum which paves the way for the UN Cop climate conference negotiations later this year. Drawing up an NDC is also about creating good framework conditions for investments in the individual countries themselves, Scholz said. In updating their NDCs, countries have an opportunity to secure investments in green technologies, he said. "Private investors are concerned about a reliable regulatory framework and good governance." Scholz echoed German foreign minister Annalena Baerbock's remarks made at the opening yesterday, when she proposed an "interlocking" of countries' NDCs with investment plans. Baerbock stressed the idea goes beyond getting the countries together to improve their NDCs. It would, for instance, ensure that fossil fuel producers announcing plans to reduce their production do not get penalised by a cut to their credit rating on the financial markets, she said. And it would be about facilitating matchmaking between the private sector in developed countries, and bringing together the ambitions enshrined in the NDCs with instruments ensuring they can be financed, Baerbock said. She gave the example of Barbados, which she said is using its NDC "not just as a national climate action plan but also as a national investment plan", by creating a bank that brings together various factors "linking climate-policy planning, project implementation, and public and private financing". Both Scholz and Baerbock reiterated calls for larger developing countries that have "significantly" contributed to emissions in the past 30 years, and which have the financial means to contribute, to do so. Cop 29 will be held in Baku, Azerbaijan, in November. Finance will be a key topic as countries must decide on a new global goal, the so-called New Collective Quantified Goal (NCQG) on Climate Finance, to replace the pledge missed by developed countries to give $100 bn/yr to developing countries by 2020. Baerbock called for a new annual climate finance budget for developing countries of $1 trillion. Germany plans to modernise its bilateral debt conversion programme, Scholz said. "This is not a panacea, but vulnerable middle-income countries that are willing to reform could also be eligible for climate debt conversion in the future," he said. By Chloe Jardine Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
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