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Iran's gasoline demand outpaces production

  • : Oil products
  • 24/03/18

Iran may have to resort to importing gasoline again as consumption has been outpacing domestic refinery production.

Iran is gearing up for a spike in gasoline consumption during the two-week holiday period to celebrate the Iranian new year, or Nowruz, which starts on 20 March. Iranians typically travel across country to celebrate with friends and family, boosting already strong gasoline demand.

State-owned refiner NIORDC said it expects gasoline demand to exceed 120mn litres/d (754,000 b/d) over the Nowruz period.

"In the past few days, due to the beginning of Nowruz trips, the consumption figure of 133mn litres of gasoline was recorded in one day," NIORDC managing director Jalil Salari said, according to state news agency Shana.

This is higher than the previous daily record of 127mn l set during the holiday season in March last year and higher than Iran's total gasoline output, which Salari said last year was 110mn l/d.

"More than a million cars are supplied every year, and no cars are scrapped. If this trend continues, we will reach a shortage of gasoline and become an importer," Salari said last year.

When Iran's flagship 360,000 b/d Persian Gulf Star (PGS) condensate splitter reached full capacity in February 2019, it was meant to help meet Iran's gasoline demand and turn the country into a net gasoline exporter.

Each of the three 120,000 b/d phases of the splitter has a capacity to produce 12mn l/d of Euro IV grade gasoline. Plans to add a fourth and final 120,000 b/d phase had been shelved, with debottlenecking of the existing three trains adding 40,000 b/d of processing capacity. But the surge in demand prompted Tehran to revive the pIan and start construction of the fourth train towards the end of 2022.

The new train's distillation system will be online "by the end of 2025", according to consultacy FGE. "We project the isomerisation and continuous catalytic reformer units will then come online in 2027. We expect that following the commissioning of the fourth train, PGS' intake will likely increase to 500,000 b/d as the utilisation of the existing trains will be reduced toward their original loads," said FGE's managing director for the Middle East Iman Nasseri.

Iran has also partially revived the 480,000 b/d Siraf splitter project in Assaluyeh in the south of the country. "Iran is building a 60,000 b/d condensate splitter there, so-called South Adish refinery, the only part of the shelved Siraf project which was due to have eight 60,000 b/d splitters," Nasseri said.

FGE expects the project to come online by 2025.

Holiday distribution

Iranian officials have to deal with the more pressing task of organising fuel distribution over the holiday period. NIORDC has sent 100 teams around the country to monitor gasoline distribution, which will remain a challenge even after the holiday period.

Plans for optimal management of fuel consumption in Iran "have entered an emergency stage otherwise proper distribution of energy in the country will not be possible", Shana warned previously.

Widespread smuggling of gasoline to neighbouring countries, where prices are higher, has exacerbated the issue. Gasoline is heavily subsidised in Iran, helping to keep consumption at elevated levels for many years and putting pressure on local refineries to raise production.

Given the challenge of importing gasoline while US sanctions are in place, Iran has been looking for alternatives, such as the use of compressed natural gas as a motor fuel. Plans to expand the country's existing 2.29mn b/d of refining capacity are likely to take time because sanctions have hindered Iran's ability to implement refinery upgrades.


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24/12/13

Syria faces fuel supply conundrum

Syria faces fuel supply conundrum

London, 13 December (Argus) — The overthrow of Syrian president Bashar al-Assad has left the country's trading relationship with Iran on an uncertain footing, putting pressure on the new transitional government to upgrade refining infrastructure and find alternative sources of fuel supply. As the Assad regime's closest ally, Iran has been Syria's main source of both crude and oil product imports since western sanctions were imposed on Damascas in the early stages of its civil war in 2011. The product shipments are difficult to track as they are carried out by Iran's 'dark fleet', but consultancy FGE estimates Iran has been sending around 10,000-20,000 b/d to Syria in recent years. Those trade flows are no longer guaranteed, given that Hayat Tahir al-Sham (HTS), the main militant group behind the armed revolt to topple Assad, has close ties to Iran's regional rival Turkey. Syria is now likely to import oil products from other local sources, a trading analyst told Argus . Turkey itself is an option, although one Turkish trader ruled out any immediate business plans to supply Syria. Watad, HTS' affiliated oil trading arm, has previously imported oil and gas from Turkey and has marketed gasoline thought to have come from Ukraine via Turkey, according to a regional analyst. Egypt is another possible supplier. It has enough capacity to export refined products to Syria for the time being, according to a refining source in the country. Vortexa data show gasoil was last loaded from Egypt's Sidi Kerir terminal in July. Syria's transitional government may also attempt to increase domestic supply, although that will require rehabilitating the country's 140,000 b/d Banias and 110,000 b/d Homs refineries. Run rates have halved since 2011, the IEA estimates. Only the Banias refinery is operating at a reasonable level, according to sources. Iran earlier this year proposed a €140mn revamp of the Homs refinery, which has been operating below capacity for years because of infrastructure damage incurred during the civil war . Syrian demand for oil products has seen a structural decline since the civil war, with consumption dropping by around 60pc between 2011 and 2022, according to the IEA. But with Assad's overthrow signalling a potential return of refugees from neighbouring Turkey, Lebanon and Jordan, demand may pick up in the coming months, intensifying pressure on the transitional administration to seek new trade flows and repair the country's refining infrastructure. By George Maher-Bonnett Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Tarmac to receive bitumen at UK Dagenham terminal


24/12/13
24/12/13

Tarmac to receive bitumen at UK Dagenham terminal

London, 13 December (Argus) — Tarmac, one of the UK's leading road and general construction firms, will start receiving bitumen cargoes at the 20,000t capacity Dagenham bitumen terminal in southeast England in late January, market participants told Argus . The terminal, operated by trading firm Trafigura's Puma Energy unit since 2015 , is part of an oil storage facility run by Stolthaven Terminals, a subsidiary of Norwegian company Stolt-Nielsen. Puma Energy regularly imports bitumen cargoes into Dagenham from a variety of sources including its own Cadiz bitumen terminal in Spain. Some 211,000t has been imported into Dagenham this year, roughly double 2023 volumes, according to data from trade analytics firm Vortexa. The sharp rise follows Puma Energy's decision to halt operations at its bitumen barge terminal in Newport, Wales early this year. Market participants said at the time that they expected Puma Energy to increase imports into Dagenham for inward truck supply to domestic UK customers to help compensate for the Newport halt. Trafigura and Tarmac have declined to comment on the latter's bitumen purchase plans at Dagenham. It is not clear whether Trafigura will exclusively supply the volumes into the terminal for Tarmac. The constructor is understood to have struck its annual term deals for all its UK bitumen purchases for 2025, but the identity of the suppliers has not been disclosed. by Fenella Rhodes and Keyvan Hedvat Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

NordBit to exit Dunkirk bitumen terminal at year-end


24/12/12
24/12/12

NordBit to exit Dunkirk bitumen terminal at year-end

London, 12 December (Argus) — Hamburg-based bitumen supply and trading firm NordBit will end its operations at the Dunkirk bitumen terminal in northeast France at the end of this year, a source familiar with the firm's operations said. NordBit — a bitumen joint venture between German firms Mabanol and H&R — has been operating the 11,000-12,000t capacity terminal since 2019 . The bitumen facility is part of a wider oil products and chemicals complex at Dunkirk. According to vessel tracking data, the bitumen terminal at Dunkirk has received 25,900t this year, although no cargoes have been discharged since August. Market participants said the terminal is in need of upgrading and will probably need the work done ahead of renting. The imminent halt to NordBit's operations at Dunkirk comes as French building conglomerate Vinci's Eurovia subsidiary nears completion of its own new and separate 16,000t capacity bitumen terminal in Dunkirk which is scheduled to start operating from March or April next year. By Fenella Rhodes Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

US road fuel stocks highest since September


24/12/11
24/12/11

US road fuel stocks highest since September

Houston, 11 December (Argus) — US road fuel stocks last week rose to the highest since September, even as demand climbed, according to US Energy Information Administration (EIA) data. US gasoline stocks in the week ended 6 December rose to 219.7mn bl, up by 2.4pc from a week earlier and the highest inventory level since the week ended 27 September. Compared with a year earlier, gasoline stocks were down by 1.9pc.. US gasoline product supplied, a proxy for demand, rose for a third consecutive week to 8.81mn b/d, notching a 0.8pc increase on the week, but falling by 0.6pc on the year. Average US retail gasoline prices slipped by 2.6¢/USG to $3.008/USG in the week ended 9 December, the eighth-consecutive weekly drop , according to an earlier EIA report. Weekly EIA demand data is prone to sharp swings, while EIA monthly data, released with a lag, provides a more accurate picture of US demand. The four-week average of combined product supplied and exports was 9.6mn b/d, a 1.8pc decrease from the previous four-week average but up by 0.6pc from the average a year earlier. US gasoline exports last week averaged 1.04mn b/d, growing by 4.5pc from a week earlier but dipping by 8.1pc on the year. Imports fell by 9.2pc on the week to 464,000 b/d and lagged behind year earlier levels by 35pc. Diesel stocks up US ultra-low sulphur diesel (ULSD) stocks increased to 112.9mn bl, up by 3.2mn bl on the week and the highest inventory level since 20 September. ULSD stocks were up by 8.5mn bl from the same week in 2023. Distillate fuel oil product supplied, which includes ULSD and high sulphur fuel oil, rose on the week by 1.5pc to 3.45mn b/d, rebounding from the prior week's decline. Still, this was down by 8.5pc from a year earlier. The implied demand for distillate fuel oil, calculated using the four-week average of combined product supply and exports, stood at 5mn b/d last week. This was down by 1.8pc from the previous week but up by 2.9pc from a year earlier. Exports of US distillate fuel oil dropped on the week by 5.1pc to 1.47mn b/d but rose by 22pc from the same week last year. ULSD imports rose by 33pc to 154,000 b/d, the highest imports since 1 November, but decreased by 25pc from a year earlier. US jet fuel stockpiles increased to 41.9mn bl, up by 0.6pc from the previous week and up by 14pc from the same week in 2023. Increased jet fuel stocks come as US airline passenger traffic declined last week from a three-month high , falling by 0.2pc to 17.3mn passengers, according to Transportation Security Administration data. Refinery runs fall US gross refinery crude inputs dropped last week by 0.9pc to 16.9mn b/d, easing from a three-month high, but inputs were up by 2.8pc from the same week in 2023. Refinery utilization rates declined on the week by 0.9 percentage points to 92.4pc. Still, this refinery rates were up by 2.2 points compared to a year earlier. By Zach Appel and Hunter Fite EIA weekly refined products data Stocks mn bl 6-Dec 29-Nov ±% Year ago ±% Gasoline 219.7 214.6 2.4% 224.0 -1.9% Jet 41.9 41.7 0.6% 36.8 13.7% Distillate fuel 121.3 118.1 2.7% 113.5 6.9% -- ultra low-sulphur (<= 15ppm sulphur) 112.9 109.7 2.9% 104.4 8.1% Imports '000 b/d Total products 1,546 1,479 4.5% 1,976 -21.8% Gasoline 464 511 -9.2% 715 -35.1% Jet 160 75 113.3% 84 90.5% Distillate fuel 154 116 32.8% 205 -24.9% Exports '000 b/d Total products 6,906 7,542 -8.4% 6,553 5.4% Gasoline 1,039 994 4.5% 1,131 -8.1% Jet 219 381 -42.5% 183 19.7% Distillate fuel 1,471 1,550 -5.1% 1,208 21.8% Refinery usage Refinery inputs '000 b/d 16,933 17,094 -0.9% 16,476 2.8% Refinery utilisation % 92.4 93.3 -1.0% 90.2 2.4% Products supplied '000 b/d Total products 20,158 19,968 1.0% 21,079 -4.4% Gasoline 8,810 8,738 0.8% 8,859 -0.6% Jet 1,841 1,610 14.3% 1,871 -1.6% Distillate fuel 3,450 3,398 1.5% 3,770 -8.5% — US Energy Information Administration Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Brazil's inflation accelerates to near 5pc in November


24/12/10
24/12/10

Brazil's inflation accelerates to near 5pc in November

Sao Paulo, 10 December (Argus) — Brazil's headline inflation accelerated to a 14-month high in November, led by gains in food and transportation, according to government statistics agency IBGE. The consumer price index (CPI) rose to an annual 4.87pc in November from 4.76pc in the previous month, IBGE said. Food and beverage costs rose by an annual 7.63pc in November, accounting for much of the monthly increase, following a 6.65pc annual gain in October. Beef costs increased by an annual 15.43pc in November following an 8.33pc annual gain for the prior month. Higher beef costs in the domestic market are related to the Brazilian real's depreciation to the US dollar, with the exchange rate falling to a record-low R6.11/$1 at the end of November. The stronger dollar leads producers to prefer exports over domestic sales. Beef prices rose by 8pc for the month alone. Soybean oil prices rose by 27.75pc over the year. Transportation costs, another major contributor to the monthly acceleration, rose by an annual 3.11pc in November after a 2.48pc gain in October. On a monthly basis, transportation costs rose by 0.89pc in November, reversing a contraction of 0.38pc in October. Housing costs rose by 4pc over the 12-month period. Brazil's central bank last month hiked its target rate to 11.25pc, its second increase off a low of 10.5pc between May and September, to try to head off a resurgence in inflation. It was at a cyclical peak of 13.75pc from August 2022 through July 2023 as it sought to tamp down the post-Covid-19 surge in inflation. Fuel prices rose by an annual 8.78pc in November after a 7.22pc gain in October. Motor fuel costs fell by 0.15pc in November compared with a 0.17pc drop in October — thanks to lower ethanol and gasoline prices. Diesel prices contracted by 2.25pc in the 12-month period. Power costs slowed to an annual 3.46pc in November following a 11.58pc gain in October. Electricity prices contracted by a monthly 6.27pc after a decrease in power tariffs on 1 November. Monthly inflation slowed to 0.39pc in November from 0.56pc in October. The central bank's inflation goal for 2024 is 3pc, with a margin of 1.5pc above or below. By Maria Frazatto and Lucas Parolin Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

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