Updates with details from Trans Mountain.
The potential for tariffs on US imports of Canadian crude have driven shipper interest in exporting from Trans Mountain's docks on the west coast of Canada, as the pipeline's federal operator is weighing plans for expansions to boost the system's capacity by 200,000-300,000 b/d by the end of the decade.
The 590,000 b/d Trans Mountain Expansion (TMX) pipeline, which came on line in May 2024, boosted the total capacity of the Trans Mountain system to 890,000 b/d, opening new avenues for Canadian producers to reach Asian markets.
Trans Mountain has seen a "flurry of activity" in booking TMX capacity since US president Donald Trump's administration announced its intent to slap tariffs on Canadian and Mexican imports, Trans Mountain senior director of business development Jason Balasch told the Argus Global Crude Summit Americas in Houston, Texas.
"The last few weeks, all of January, there's been a lot of interest from people who had not yet shipped on the line yet," Balasch said.
Those tariffs on Canada and Mexico were set to take effect on 4 February, but Trump this week put them on pause until early March, pointing to progress in negotiations. "The tariffs have opened all level of government's eyes to talk of expansions," Balasch said. "We definitely expected it to drive demand for the dock." The TMX line has run recently at about 80pc of capacity, Balasch said.
The 200,000-300,000 b/d expansion of the Trans Mountain system could be completed within four to five years, Balasch said. That expansion would be accomplished mostly by adding pumping capacity to the system's two existing lines. There are no plans to add a third pipeline to the system, he said.
"We are focused on the quickest and economical way" to "increase access to the tidewater", he said.
"I think everyone sees an egress constraint coming," Balasch said. The unpredictable tariffs situation has put expansion under a "magnifying glass," but Trans Mountain has not yet shopped its plans to shippers.
The dual-line Trans Mountain system connects the trading hub of Edmonton, Alberta, to the Westridge Marine Terminal (WMT) in Burnaby, British Columbia, but volumes also go to the Burnaby refinery and southbound to Washington state via the Puget Sound Pipeline.
There were 24 vessels loaded at the WMT in January, translating into about 425,000 b/d being exported on Canada's west coast during the month, meaning there is some room to expand the dock's 630,000 b/d capacity.
Incremental heavy Canadian crude from Trans Mountain could be destined for China, as the US west coast is capped out at 200,000 b/d, Matt Smith, lead oil analyst Americas at Kpler, told the conference. That would require China to likely scale back on crudes from other origins amid slowing demand, Smith said.
"Over the last couple of years Chinese crude imports have essentially flat-lined as their refinery runs have flat-lined," said Smith.
This week's delay suggests the tariffs on Mexican and Canadian imports "are not going to come to fruition", Smith said. "There is a willingness to reach an agreement."
