Morocco is intensifying its efforts to attract developers of renewable hydrogen projects, but still has to overcome major hurdles to realise its ambitions, delegates heard at the World Power-to-X Summit in Marrakech this week.
Government agencies are in the process of finalising the so-called 'Moroccan Offer', which is "to provide a stable and clear framework for investors" looking to develop hydrogen projects, said Moroccan Agency for Investment and Export Development (Amdie) head of the energy and infrastructure Nahla Benslama.
Government officials were hesitant to reveal specifics on the programme, saying details will be published in the coming weeks. But Benslama indicated the Moroccan Offer will cover aspects such as land allocation and infrastructure development, and will make the Moroccan Agency for Solar Energy (Masen) the single point of contact for project developers.
Masen's acting chief executive Tarik Hamane said the programme will "fast-track" development of renewable hydrogen in Morocco.
But delegates told Argus on the sidelines of the event that they do not expect the Moroccan Offer to entail specific financial incentives, beyond those already in the country's revised 'Investment Charter' that was published earlier this year. That said domestic and foreign investors can receive up to 30pc of funding support towards capital expenditures for projects in a wide range of areas, including renewable energy, provided projects meet criteria around job creation, sustainability and gender equality.
The charter's main incentive scheme states that support for renewable energy projects is capped at 30mn Moroccan dirhams ($2.91mn). But the document also includes a separate provision for "strategic projects" for which "tailored and specific support measures" would be drawn up. These projects need an overall investment of over MD2bn and must fulfil one of five criteria, such as improving energy security, creating a large number of jobs or "having a significant impact on the economic influence and strategic positioning of Morocco at the regional, continental or international level". Large renewable hydrogen projects are likely to tick the required boxes for this.
Morocco hopes to capitalise on its ample renewable power potential to become a leading exporter of renewable hydrogen and its derivatives. Based on its roadmap from 2021 — which is due to be updated next year — the country is targeting 3-5GW of installed electrolyser capacity by 2030, rising to 31-53GW by 2050. Major projects are in planning, including by domestic fertiliser producer OCP and companies considering large exports, such as CWP Global.
Challenges ahead
But Morocco needs a gigantic scale-up of renewable power capacity and other infrastructure to fulfil its potential, delegates heard at the Marrakech event.
Minister of energy transition and sustainability Leila Benali said Morocco possesses key advantages, including existing bidirectional gas pipeline and electricity transmission infrastructure connecting the country to Europe. But she said much work lies ahead to fully capitalise on these. There needs to be a tripling of annual investments in renewable energy, larger ports, new pipelines, more modern power grids and storage facilities, Benali said. Global issues such as potential electrolyser and supply chain bottlenecks will also need to be solved.
Local production of equipment needed along the hydrogen value chain will have to be turned into an "additional advantage" rather than into a cost premium for the final products.
When selecting renewable hydrogen projects to be built in Morocco, competitiveness and technological and financial risks will be key factors, according to Benali.
"The last thing we want is to subsidise stranded assets in a stagflationary environment," she said. "Some of us, in many parts of the world, did exactly that in the solar space right after the 2008 financial crisis."
Potential project developers pointed to challenges, especially the required build out of renewable power generation capacity. To produce 9mn t/yr of hydrogen via electrolysis — the government's most ambitious target for 2050 — Morocco will need to increase renewable power generation capacity to 150GW from the existing 11GW, said renewables firm Taqa Morocco's business development and financial planning director Hicham Chad.
