Generic Hero BannerGeneric Hero Banner
Latest market news

Vietnam caps carbon credit exports under new decree

  • Market: Emissions
  • 06/04/26

Vietnam has set limits on the volume of carbon credits and emission-reduction measures that can be exported as internationally transferred mitigation outcomes (Itmos) under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement, signalling a cautious approach to international carbon markets.

The regulation, effective 19 May, caps the share of credits that can be transferred abroad with corresponding adjustments at different levels depending on project type, under a new decree released on 1 April. Priority mitigation activities, or category 1 projects (see table- List 1) — including renewable energy, waste management and carbon capture — can export up to 90pc of issued credits. While a broader set of encouraged activities faces a tighter ceiling of 50pc (see table- List 2).

This tiered structure reflects the government's intent to prioritise high-impact decarbonisation sectors for international monetisation, while retaining a larger share of credits from other sectors to support domestic climate targets, the government said.

For transactions that do not involve corresponding adjustments — typically those aimed at voluntary carbon markets without Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) accounting — the decree allows up to 90pc of credits to be exported across all project categories.

The remaining share of credits, after international transfers, can be used within Vietnam's domestic carbon market. This provision ensures that a portion of mitigation outcomes is preserved to meet national emissions-reduction commitments and potential future compliance demand.

The caps apply at the level of each crediting period rather than over the lifetime of a project, providing flexibility for developers while maintaining overall control of export volumes. The Ministry of Agriculture and Environment (MAE) retains authority to revise the list of eligible activities and transfer thresholds, subject to approval by the prime minister, allowing policy adjustments in response to market or policy developments.

The introduction of export limits highlights Vietnam's balancing act between attracting international carbon finance and safeguarding its own decarbonisation pathway, the MAE said. By constraining the outflow of credits — particularly from non-priority sectors — the government aims to avoid over-reliance on exports while ensuring sufficient supply for domestic compliance as its carbon market evolves.

List of category 1 measures and activities
Energy
Geothermal power
Offshore wind power
Off-grid solar power systems, under 15MW, provide electricity to areas with difficult or extremely difficult socio-economic conditions.
Wave energy, tidal energy; production of green hydrogen, green ammonia, and methane biogas.
Energy storage systems using advanced technology (ESS)
Applying best existing technologies and techniques (BAT) to improve energy efficiency, replace, or save fuel.
Energy (transportation)
Transition to green and clean energy vehicles.
Transition from high-emission to low-emission modes of transport.
Electric vehicle charging station
Industrial process
Application of carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) or carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies in industrial processes, building materials production, and energy.
Capture CO2 directly from the air.
Applying the best existing technologies and techniques (BAT) to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in industrial processes and building materials production.
Switching to refrigerants in cooling and air conditioning that have a lower global warming potential (GWP) than stipulated in the Government's roadmap.
Waste and wastewater management
Solid waste treatment by incineration (with electricity generation)
Recovering and utilizing gas from landfills.
Conversion from anaerobic to aerobic septic tanks in decentralized domestic wastewater treatment systems.
Converting and applying aerobic technology in domestic wastewater treatment systems.
Recycling and disposal of HFCs, HCFCs, and SF6 with high GWP (Global Warming Potential).
Agriculture and livestock
Modernizing irrigation and fertilization for long-term crops.
Recycling agricultural waste
Alternating wet and dry irrigation and improved rice cultivation systems in areas with inadequate infrastructure.
Applying microbial technology to improve rice cultivation systems.
Biogas and biochar from straw and agricultural by-products.
Improve the diet of cattle and buffalo.
Biofuel production
List of category 2 measures and activities
Energy
Combined-cycle gas-fired power plants use imported LNG.
Biomass power
Renewable energy projects and energy efficiency projects that have been registered under the JCM Mechanism or approved for conversion from the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) to the Article 6.4 Mechanism.
Onshore wind power
Industrial process
Use of additives in cement production
Biomass-fueled boilers are replacing coal/oil-fired boilers at facilities not participating in greenhouse gas emission trading.
Energy (residential, commercial, and service)
Use high-efficiency air conditioners.
Use high-performance cooling equipment.
Waste and wastewater management
Compost production
Solid waste treatment by incineration (without electricity generation)
Anaerobic treatment of solid waste and biogas recovery
Production of fuel derived from solid waste (RDF)
Transforming and applying aerobic technology in centralized industrial wastewater treatment.
Recovering and utilizing biogas from industrial wastewater treatment systems.
Agriculture and livestock
Replace urea fertilizer with slow-release, slow-dissolving ammonium nitrate fertilizer.
Recycling livestock waste into organic fertilizer.
Organic fertilizers are produced from collected household waste, livestock waste, and agricultural by-products.
Improving aquaculture technology
Forestry
Implement REDD+ for terrestrial natural forests.
Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase greenhouse gas absorption by mangrove forests and seagrass beds.
Increase greenhouse gas absorption through improved terrestrial forest plantations.
Increase greenhouse gas absorption through agroforestry and non-forest tree development.
Advanced emission reduction measures and technologies to improve processes in areas and activities aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

Sharelinkedin-sharetwitter-sharefacebook-shareemail-share
Generic Hero Banner

Business intelligence reports

Get concise, trustworthy and unbiased analysis of the latest trends and developments in oil and energy markets. These reports are specially created for decision makers who don’t have time to track markets day-by-day, minute-by-minute.

Learn more