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Venda de ativos requer autonomia da estatal

  • Market: Oil products
  • 30/04/19

O setor de importação e comercialização de combustíveis claros interpretou o anúncio feito pela Petrobras da venda de oito refinarias no Brasil como um sinal positivo, mas ponderou que o êxito da abertura do mercado nacional dependerá de como o plano de desinvestimento será conduzido e de qual será o grau de interferência do governo nos planos da estatal.

A companhia aprovou diretrizes para a venda de ativos na última sexta-feira, entre eles oito refinarias localizadas no Brasil: Refinaria Abreu e Lima (RNEST), Unidade de Industrialização do Xisto (SIX), Refinaria Landulpho Alves (RLAM), Refinaria Gabriel Passos (REGAP), Refinaria Presidente Getúlio Vargas (REPAR), Refinaria Alberto Pasqualini (REFAP), Refinaria Isaac Sabbá (REMAN) e Lubrificantes e Derivados de Petróleo do Nordeste (LUBNOR).

Segundo a Petrobras, a venda das refinarias possibilitará "maior competitividade e transparência no segmento de refino no Brasil" e as diretrizes "estão de acordo com a estratégia da companhia de focar em ativos em que a Petrobras é dona natural, visando à melhoria da alocação de capital".

"Entendemos que esta é uma decisão muito acertada e poderá auxiliar na construção de um ambiente concorrencial cada vez mais sadio. A venda de refinarias, à medida que oferece diversificação na oferta de combustíveis na etapa primária de fornecimento, proporciona uma multiplicidade de agentes que favorece a competição", informou a Associação Brasileira dos Importadores de Combustíveis (Abicom) em comunicado à Argus. "É preciso que os investidores tenham segurança jurídica e regulatória para tomar suas decisões. O ambiente atual, no qual não se tem certeza dos limites e possibilidade de interferência sobre as políticas da empresa, não é o mais propício para que isso aconteça".

A Associação Nacional das Distribuidoras de Combustíveis, Lubrificantes, Logística e Conveniência (Plural) vê de forma positiva a iniciativa da Petrobras, hoje responsável por 98% do parque de refino do País, de vender parte de suas refinarias. "Uma abertura do mercado de produção de combustíveis fósseis irá atrair os investimentos necessários ao setor. Além disso, alternativas adicionais de oferta podem contribuir para uma maior competitividade, onde o maior beneficiado será o consumidor final."

Participantes de mercado ouvidos pela Argus também ressaltaram que se trata de um primeiro passo que não constitui uma garantia de que o ambiente vai evoluir para um mercado aberto.

"A mensagem é boa, mas ainda não está claro como vai ser a venda. Se a saída [da Petrobras dos ativos] vai ser 100pc mesmo, o que vem com disso, qual vai ser o papel do governo. (...) Não tem nada traçado ainda", disse um representante brasileiro de uma trading multinacional presente no Brasil.

A estatal deverá continuar a exercer um papel dominante no setor, segundo um corretor de combustíveis, uma vez que permanecerá com os ativos mais modernos e produtivos. "[Eles] estão saindo das refinarias mais obsoletas, estão ficando com o filé e vendendo o osso. Tem que ver quem quer investir nesses ativos no Brasil. A China? Quem entrar vai trazer uma influência externa importante ao mercado."


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