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B100: Estoques altos nas usinas fazem preços caírem

  • Market: Agriculture, Biofuels, Oil products
  • 24/04/24

Os diferenciais logísticos dos contratos de biodiesel para suprimento entre maio-junho recuaram consideravelmente em relação ao período entre março-abril, sob pressão dos altos estoques nas indústrias, da maior oferta de soja para esmagamento e, consequentemente, de óleo vegetal para a produção.

Esse diferencial logístico das usinas inclui na fórmula do preço do biodiesel o contrato da commodity em Chicago, o câmbio e o diferencial do óleo vegetal no porto de Paranaguá. É a parcela na precificação de contratos ligada à margem dos produtores.

As negociações começaram com as usinas pedindo valores maiores para recuperarem parcialmente as perdas com paradas não programadas, decorrentes dos atrasos nas coletas pelas varejistas. Entretanto, o cenário de sobreoferta prevaleceu e os preços caíram.

Com os saldos elevados nas indústrias, as distribuidoras de combustíveis optaram por adquirir volumes mais próximos das metas estabelecidas pela Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis do Brasil (ANP) para o período.

A expectativa é de que as vendas voltem a ganhar tração em maio e junho. Neste período do ano, a demanda é tipicamente maior, devido ao consumo elevado de diesel B pelo setor agrícola com as safras de grãos e cana-de-açúcar em curso.

O setor de distribuição considera o prolongamento da situação de desequilíbrio entre oferta ampla de diesel importado nos portos e demanda aquém do esperado. A situação gera receio entre participantes, que veem tal comportamento como um sinal de descumprimento do mandato de mescla de biodiesel.

De acordo com dados da ANP, a taxa de conformidade do diesel B foi caiu de 95,2pc para de 83,4pc entre março-abril, menor nível registrado desde o começo do monitoramento, em 2016. O descumprimento do teor mínimo de biodiesel foi contabilizado em 67pc das infrações registradas durante o período, contra uma taxa média histórica de 47pc.

O cancelamento do regime especial de tributação de empresas importadoras de combustíveis pela Secretário da Fazenda (Sefaz) do Amapá deve acabar com as distorções de preços no mercado de diesel e colaborar para o reequilíbrio da oferta do produto no país.

Variações

O maior recuo nos diferenciais foi observado na Bahia, onde os prêmios deverão encerrar o período de contratação entre R$600-830/m³ ante intervalo de R$730-1.020/m³ no período entre março-abril, conforme levantamento feito pela Argus.

Na microrregião norte de Goiás-Tocantins, houve queda R$142/m³, no intervalo de R$300-535/m³ para o próximo bimestre ante os atuais R$440-680/m³.

Por Alexandre Melo

Diferenciais das usinas de biodieselR$/m³
Maio/JunhoMarço/Abril±
MínimaMáximaMínimaMáxima
Rio Grande do Sul110380280450-120
Sorriso-Nova Mutum50340220350-90
Cuiabá-Rondonópolis80405280450-123
Norte de Goiás-Tocantins300535440680-142
Sul de Goias350500450650-125
Paraná-Santa Catarina150450400480-140
Bahia6008307301,120-210

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