Estoques de etanol diminuem 10pc
Os estoques de etanol do Centro-Sul caíram 10pc na segunda metade de agosto na comparação anual, pressionados por um quadro de oferta e demanda restrita, segundo dados do Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento (Mapa).
O estoque físico de etanol da região na atingiu 8,50 milhões de m³ em 31 de agosto, ante 9,45 milhões de m³ reportados no mesmo período do ano passado, quando as medidas restritivas impostas pela pandemia de Covid-19 impactaram a demanda por combustíveis. Os estoques cresceram 4,5pc em comparação com 2019.
A maior parte da queda no ano-a-ano foi impulsionada pelos estoques de etanol hidratado, que totalizaram 4,96 milhões de m³, redução anual de 24pc. Já o etanol anidro —usado na mescla da gasolina— respondeu por 3,54 milhões de m³, alta de 23pc na base anual.
A produção acumulada da safra 2021-22 até agora, entre 1º de abril e 31 de agosto, totalizou 18,82 milhões de m³, 1,5pc abaixo do mesmo período do ano anterior.
A moagem acumulada de cana-de-açúcar até então alcançou 393 milhões de t, queda de 5,5pc sobre o valor apurado no mesmo período de 2020. Já a produção de açúcar totalizou 24,2 milhões de t, uma queda de 6,4pc na base anual.
O mau tempo e os preços recordes do biocombustível estão gerando preocupações entre os varejistas de combustível, ao passo que as estimativas para as importações desta safra chegam a 1 milhão de m³.
Em julho, as temperaturas caíram abaixo de zero por várias noites consecutivas em muitas partes do Centro-Sul, a principal área produtora de cana-de-açúcar do país. Combinada com a seca contínua — a pior em quase um século —, a colheita foi afetada, elevando os preços dos alimentos por todo o país.
"A gente ainda tem uma estimativa de 18pc a 20pc de perdas, mas ainda leva um tempo para verificar o tamanho real das perdas que ocorreram com as geadas", afirmou a ministra da Agricultura, Tereza Cristina Dias, durante cerimônia no Palácio do Planalto em agosto.
Em condições normais, a safra da cana-de-açúcar terminaria em meados de novembro, mas os problemas climáticos em curso devem encerrar a moagem já em outubro. A União da Indústria de Cana-de-Açúcar (Unica) reduziu a previsão de oferta de cana na região para 530 milhões de t, com viés de baixa, após levantamento realizado com produtores.
Resultados ainda menores são uma possibilidade nas próximas semanas, já que incêndios recentes em algumas áreas de cultivo de cana, junto com o impacto ainda incerto do frio, levam alguns produtores a esperar uma safra ainda menor.
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Lyondell Houston refinery to run at 95pc in 2Q
Lyondell Houston refinery to run at 95pc in 2Q
Houston, 26 April (Argus) — LyondellBasell plans to run its 264,000 b/d Houston, Texas, refinery at average utilization rates of 95pc in the second quarter and may convert its hydrotreaters to petrochemical production when the plant shuts down in early 2025. The company's sole crude refinery ran at an average 79pc utilization rate in the first quarter due to planned maintenance on a coking unit , the company said in earnings released today . "We are evaluating options for the potential reuse of the hydrotreaters at our Houston refinery to purify recycled and renewable cracker feedstocks," chief executive Peter Vanacker said on a conference call today discussing earnings. Lyondell said last year a conversion would feed the company's two 930,000 metric tonnes (t)/yr steam crackers at its Channelview petrochemicals complex. The company today said it plans to make a final investment decision on the conversion in 2025. Hydrotreater conversions — such as one Chevron completed last year at its 269,000 b/d El Segundo, California, refinery — allow the unit to produce renewable diesel, which creates renewable naphtha as a byproduct. Renewable naphtha can be used as a gasoline blending component, steam cracker feed or feed for hydrogen producing units, according to engineering firm Topsoe. Lyondell last year said the Houston refinery will continue to run until early 2025, delaying a previously announced plan to stop crude processing by the end of 2023. By Nathan Risser Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
EU adopts Net-Zero Industry Act
EU adopts Net-Zero Industry Act
London, 26 April (Argus) — Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) have adopted Net-Zero Industry Act, which plans to allocate funds towards the production of net-zero technologies. The act provides a pathway to scale up development and production of technologies that are critical towards meeting the EU's recommendation of net-zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2050. This would include solar panels, electrolysers and fuel cells, batteries, heat pumps, onshore and offshore wind turbines, grid technologies, sustainable biomethane, as well as carbon capture and storage (CCS). The act is designed to help simplify the regulatory framework for the manufacture of these technologies in order to incentivise European production and supply. It also sets a target of 40pc production within the EU for its annual "deployment needs" of these technologies by 2030. Time limits will be instated on permit grants for manufacturing projects, at 12 months if the manufacturing capacity is under 1 GW/yr and 18 months for those above that. It will introduce time limits of nine months for "net-zero strategic projects" of less than 1 GW/yr and 12 months for those above. This is further complemented by the introduction of net-zero strategic projects for CO2 storage, to help support the development of CCS technology. The act was met with positive reactions from the European Community Shipowners' Association (ECSA), which said the bill will set the benchmark for member states to match 40pc of the deployment needs for clean fuels for shipping with production capacity. ECSA said the Net-Zero Industry Act will be instrumental in supporting the shipping industry to meet targets set under FuelEU Maritime regulations , which are set to come into effect next year. By Hussein Al-Khalisy Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
New technologies aim to boost SAF production
New technologies aim to boost SAF production
London, 26 April (Argus) — A likely rise in global demand for sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), underpinned by mandates for its use, is encouraging development of new production pathways. While hydrotreated esters and fatty acids synthesised paraffinic kerosine (HEFA-SPK) remains the most common type of SAF available today, much more production will be needed. The International Air Transport Association (Iata) estimated SAF output at around 500,000t in 2023, and expects this to rise to 1.5mn t this year, but that only meets around 0.5pc of global jet fuel demand. An EU-wide SAF mandate will come into effect in 2025 that will set a minimum target of 2pc, with a sub-target for synthetic SAF starting from 2030. This week the UK published its domestic SAF mandate , also targeting a 2pc SAF share in 2025 and introducing a power-to-liquid (PtL) obligation from 2028. New pathways involve different technology to unlock use of a wider feedstock base. US engineering company Honeywell said this week its hydrocracking technology, Fischer-Tropsch (FT) Unicracking, can be used to produce SAF from biomass such as crop residue or wood and food waste. Renewable fuels producer DG Fuels will use the technology for its SAF facility in Louisiana, US. The plant will be able to produce 13,000 b/d of SAF starting from 2028, Honeywell said. The company said its SAF technologies — which include ethanol-to-jet , which converts cellulosic ethanol into SAF — have been adopted at more than 50 sites worldwide including Brazil and China. Honeywell is part of the Google and Boeing-backed United Airlines Ventures Sustainable Flight Fund , which is aimed at scaling up SAF production. German alternative fuels company Ineratec said this week it will use South African integrated energy firm Sasol's FT catalysts for SAF production. The catalysts will be used in Ineratec's plants, including a PtL facility it is building in Frankfurt, Germany. The plant will be able to produce e-fuels from green hydrogen and CO2, with a capacity of 2,500 t/yr of e-fuels beginning in 2024. The e-fuels will then be processed into synthetic SAF. Earlier this month , ethanol-to-jet producer LanzaJet said it has received funding from technology giant Microsoft's Climate Innovation Fund, "to continue building its capability and capacity to deploy its sustainable fuels process technology globally". The producer recently signed a licence and engineering agreement with sustainable fuels company Jet Zero Australia to progress development of an SAF plant in north Queensland, Australia. The plant will have capacity of 102mn l/yr of SAF. Polish oil firm Orlen formed a partnership with Japanese electrical engineering company Yakogawa to develop SAF technology . They aim to develop a technological process to synthesise CO2 and hydrogen to form PtL SAF. The SAF will be produced from renewable hydrogen as defined by the recast EU Renewable Energy Directive (RED II) and bio-CO2 from biomass boilers, Orlen told Argus . By Evelina Lungu Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
UK publishes SAF mandate, targets 22pc by 2040
UK publishes SAF mandate, targets 22pc by 2040
London, 25 April (Argus) — The UK will mandate the supply of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) from next year, targeting a 2pc share in 2025, which equates to around 230,000t of SAF according to the government, and increasing the obligation annually to 10pc in 2030, 15pc in 2035 and 22pc in 2040. The obligation, which falls on the jet fuel supplier, will remain at 22pc from 2040 until it is reviewed and updated, the UK said. The mandate is subject to parliamentary approval. An EU-wide SAF obligation is also due to come into effect next year, targeting a 2pc SAF share in 2025, increasing to 6pc from 2030, 20pc from 2035, 34pc from 2040, 42pc from 2045 and 70pc in 2050. Under the new UK mandate, hydrotreated esters and fatty acids (HEFA) SAF can be used to meet 100pc of SAF demand in 2025 and 2026, but it will be capped at 71pc in 2030 and 35pc in 2040. HEFA is the most common type of SAF today, and is expected to account for over 70pc of global production by the end of the decade, according to Argus data. An obligation for Power-to-Liquid (PtL) SAF will be introduced from 2028 at 0.2pc of total jet fuel demand, rising to 0.5pc in 2030 and 3.5pc in 2040. The EU is targeting a 1.2pc share of synthetic aviation fuels in 2030, rising to 2pc in 2032, 5pc in 2035 and 35pc in 2050. To be eligible under the mandate, SAFs must achieve minimum greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions of 40pc compared with a fossil fuel jet comparator of 89g CO2e/MJ, and must be made from sustainable wastes or residues, such as used cooking oil or forestry residues. SAF from food, feed or energy crops is currently not eligible for support under the scheme, the government said. PtL SAF will need to be produced from low carbon — renewable or nuclear — electricity. Recycled carbon fuels (RCF) from feedstocks like unrecyclable plastics can also be used to meet the obligation. Hydrogen, whether used as fuel precursor or as final fuel, must be bio-hydrogen from wastes and residues, RCF hydrogen or derived from low carbon energy. The mandate will also introduce tradeable certificates for the supply of SAF, with additional certificates awarded for fuels with higher GHG emissions savings. There will be three types of certificates: PtL, standard and HEFA. Buy-out mechanisms will be set at the equivalent of £4.70/l and £5.00/l for the main and PtL obligations, respectively. Formal reviews of the mandate will be conducted and published at least every five years, with the first to be carried out by 2030, the government said. The mandate will be separate from the country's Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation (RTFO). In tandem with the publication of the SAF mandate, the government launched a consultation on four options for an SAF revenue certainty scheme aimed at guaranteeing revenue from SAF and support production in the country. The UK previously said it aims to introduce the mechanism, which will be industry funded, by the end of 2026 . The consultation includes a preferred option for a "guaranteed strike price" (GSP), which would guarantee a pre-agreed price of SAF supplied into the UK market. By Giulia Squadrin Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
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