Generic Hero BannerGeneric Hero Banner
Latest market news

Brasil defende etanol como combustível marítimo

  • Market: Biofuels, Petrochemicals
  • 19/10/23

A defesa do uso do etanol como combustível marítimo ganha cada vez mais adeptos no setor energético brasileiro, em um momento em que armadores buscam opções viáveis para descarbonizar a navegação.

Embora o uso do etanol como alternativa ao óleo combustível marítimo tenha ocorrido apenas em fase de teste, o governo estuda, em parceria com empresas navais e companhias sucroalcooleiras, um caminho para alavancar a adoção do biocombustível, fontes disseram à Argus.

A postura adotada pelo Brasil ocorre depois que os membros da Organização Marítima Internacional (IMO, na sigla em inglês), concordaram em reduzir suas emissões em pelo menos 20pc, e de preferência 30pc, até 2030; em pelo menos 70pc, e de preferência 80pc, até 2040; e carbono zero até 2050.

A amônia, o metanol e o hidrogênio estão entre as opções propícias a liderar o esforço global para descarbonizar o transporte marítimo, enquanto alguns armadores estão investindo em novas tecnologias, como a captura e armazenamento de carbono (CCS, na sigla em inglês). Mas o Brasil aposta que o etanol pode desempenhar um papel fundamental nesse futuro.

"Aproveitar nossa experiência com o uso de biocombustíveis em carros e caminhões é um primeiro passo para estruturar soluções para outros setores, incluindo a navegação", disse José Nilton Vieira, coordenador-geral de etanol e biometano no Ministério de Minas e Energia, na conferência sobre navegação verde da IMO, que ocorreu no Chile.

Segundo Vieira, o ministério está estudando formas de substituir gradualmente os combustíveis fósseis na indústria marítima, em linha com o projeto Combustível do Futuro, que estabeleceu metas para setor de aviação.

Futuro flex-álcool

Esse raciocínio está em linha com estudos feitos pela finlandesa Wärtsilä Marine para adaptar o motor flexível do grupo, que opera movido a óleo combustível marítimo e metanol, para também aceitar etanol.

A ideia nasceu na filial brasileira da empresa em 2015, quando o grupo Wärtsila foi contratado pela operadora de balsas sueca Stena Line para converter a embarcação Stena Germanica para operar com metanol.

"Enxergamos que o metanol e o etanol poderiam ser intercambiáveis porque são combustíveis bastante similares", disse o gerente sênior de vendas da empresa na América Latina, Mario Barbosa, à Argus. Os dois combustíveis podem compartilhar características técnicas comuns, como sistemas de injeção e tanques de combustível.

Mas fazer o projeto andar se provou mais difícil do que o esperado, em meio ao debate "food versus fuel" na Europa.

"Os armadores brasileiros são mais receptivos ao conceito porque conhecem bem a infraestrutura por trás da cadeia do etanol em seu país. Para o público europeu, é importante desmistificar crenças sobre sustentabilidade", afirmou Barbosa.

No caminho, a Wärtsilä encontrou um braço amigo na Raízen para realizar estudos de viabilidade, e agora está conduzindo testes em escala comercial em sua sede na Finlândia.

Para operar com metanol, os motores precisam de tanques de combustível que ocupam cerca de 1,7 vezes o tamanho do diesel. Mas, como o etanol tem poder calorífico superior ao de sua substância irmã, menos biocombustível seria consumido para se obter a mesma potência, segundo estudos das empresas.

Próximos passos

A tecnologia, no entanto, é um obstáculo menor em comparação aos próximos desafios que surgirão.

"No fundo, estamos lidando com uma barreira maior de regulação, de visão de mundo e geopolítica, do que de tecnologia", disse à Argus Mateus Lopes, diretor global de transição energética e investimentos da Raízen, em um evento da indústria de etanol.

Lopes acredita que o maior desafio é convencer participantes do setor naval de que o etanol brasileiro pode ajudar a atingir as metas regulatórias da IMO para 2050.

"A indústria marítima está olhando esse mundo eletrificado do hidrogênio, da amônia e do metanol, mas esquecendo de um produto que está na prateleira com 80 milhões de litros disponíveis e que pode ser combinado com essas outras soluções para construir um roadmap", disse.

O executivo da Raízen vê semelhanças com os desafios atuais na indústria de combustível sustentável de aviação (SAF, na sigla em inglês). "Nossa tarefa é sentar à mesa e compartilhar informações para que o etanol seja percebido como uma opção imediata."

Por Vinicius Damazio


Sharelinkedin-sharetwitter-sharefacebook-shareemail-share

Related news posts

Argus illuminates the markets by putting a lens on the areas that matter most to you. The market news and commentary we publish reveals vital insights that enable you to make stronger, well-informed decisions. Explore a selection of news stories related to this one.

News

Brazil central bank raises target rate to 14.25pc


20/03/25
News
20/03/25

Brazil central bank raises target rate to 14.25pc

Sao Paulo, 20 March (Argus) — Brazil's central bank raised its target interest rate by 1 percentage point to 14.25pc amid accelerating inflation in a decelerating — but still heated — economy. The hike in the target rate, announced Wednesday, was the fifth in a row from a cyclical low of 10.5pc at the end of September last year, partly prompted by accelerating depreciation of the currency, the real, to the US dollar. Brazil's annualized inflation hit 5.06pc in February and is poised to keep accelerating. The bank's Focus economic report increased its inflation forecast to 5.7pc for the end-of-year 2025 from 5.5pc in January, when the bank's policy-making committee last met. Brazil's current government has an inflation ceiling goal of 3pc with tolerance of 1.5 percentage point above or below. The bank has recently changed the way it tracks the inflation goal. Instead of tracking inflation on a calendar year basis, it now monitors the goal on a rolling 12-month basis. The bank cited heated economic activity and a strong labor market as factors that have contributed to rising inflation. But the bank forecasts "modest GDP growth" for Brazil of almost 2pc in 2025, down from 3.4pc growth last year. Further tightening will also be linked to global economic uncertainty prompted by US president Donald Trump's aggressive trade and other policies and the monetary policies of the US Federal Reserve , according to the bank. Brazil's target interest rate is expected to keep rising at the bank's next meeting in 6-7 May, albeit to "a lesser extent" as the contributing factors are set to moderate, according to the committee. By Maria Frazatto Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

News

Commission to engage on future of EU chemicals industry


20/03/25
News
20/03/25

Commission to engage on future of EU chemicals industry

London, 20 March (Argus) — The European Commission said it will actively engage in strategic dialogue with the European chemicals industry to help it manage high energy prices and the costs of modernisation and transition. Calls for action and support have grown as more plant closures are announced and many businesses and assets are considered at risk. "I believe we will be able to develop a plan. It will take the necessary form, though I have no announcements to make at this stage," Stephane Sejourne, the EU commissioner responsible for prosperity and industrial strategy, told Argus. "We are starting at the level of the commissioners. That being said, the industry will, of course, be present, and we intend to develop sectoral plans with all stakeholders. We will need to examine with stakeholders how we can modernise this sector and invest in it, given the shrinking margins caused by international competition and the high energy prices in Europe," he said. Sejourne said the plan is to "define the key challenges and the possible shape of the relevant legislative texts, while maintaining the same approach as with other sectors". Business plans will be the priority of the discussions, rather than new sectoral regulations, he said, adding that the aim is to enhance the competitiveness of the sector. "Simplification, harmonisation, modernisation and financing will take precedence over regulation," he said. Sejourne said he has discussed with EU ministers "the urgent need to modernise steam crackers, which are over 40 years old in Europe". These units are "environmentally inefficient, underperforming and do not enhance the sector's competitiveness", he said. The chemicals industry will be "crucial" for other industries, Sejourne said. "As part of the reindustrialisation efforts that have been launched and the announcements made by the commission, we will need the chemical industry." Critical Chemicals Act Sejourne's comments came after eight European countries called for measures to support the production of key chemicals in the EU as the bloc faces pressure from rising costs and competition. The proposed "EU Critical Chemicals Act" would support the development and decarbonisation of existing chemical plants while fostering alternative carbon sources, the eight countries said. Signatory countries — the Czech Republic, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Romania, Slovakia, Spain and France — highlighted 18 molecules as key to European strategic value chains, five of which they labelled as critical. The list includes ethylene, propylene, butadiene, benzene, toluene, xylene, phenol, styrene, ammonia, methanol, chlorine, sodium hydroxide, sulphur, silicon, sodium carbonates, hydrofluoric acid, methionine and lysine. Those singled out as critical were ethylene, butadiene, benzene, ammonia and sodium carbonates. The signatories welcomed the EU's recent "Clean Industrial Deal", a plan to turn decarbonisation into a driver of EU growth, but argued that the chemical industry needs support to successfully decarbonise. Full decarbonisation of a single steam cracker can cost more than €1bn, highlighting the scale of investment required, the eight countries said. The European Council adopted the Critical Raw Materials Act in March 2024, which aims to protect supply chains for rare metals. Similar measures are needed for the chemical industry because they are essential to core industries including defence, health and construction, argued the signatories. Plant closures have accelerated in Europe. Last year, ExxonMobil closed its Gravenchon cracker in France and Sabic closed one of its two crackers in Geleen in the Netherlands. Eni's Versalis subsidiary will close its two remaining crackers in Italy this year. And US firm Dow has idled one of its three crackers in Terneuzen in the Netherlands. At least three other crackers in the region have been put for sale by their owners. Besides steam crackers, many more chemical and downstream derivatives units have either been closed, are operating at low rates or are up for strategic review or sale. By Alex Sands Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

News

US ethane cracking margins at 10-month low


20/03/25
News
20/03/25

US ethane cracking margins at 10-month low

Houston, 20 March (Argus) — US ethane cracking margins have fallen to the lowest in 10 months on rising ethane cash costs and falling spot ethylene prices at Mont Belvieu, Texas, according to an Argus generic model. Ethane cracking margins on Wednesday fell to 10.5¢/lb, the lowest level since May 2024. Margins have steadily narrowed from a peak of 24.75¢/lb two months ago, when a freeze took several US Gulf coast crackers off line and spiked ethylene prices to 35.25¢/lb in a trade at the Enterprise Products Partners (EPC) system at Mont Belvieu. The decline in cash margins largely follows falling domestic ethylene spot prices as US crackers have incrementally restarted and ramped up production since mid-January. US spot EPC ethylene traded Wednesday at 24.75¢/lb, the first trade below 25¢/lb since late November. The more than 10¢/lb decline in ethylene spot prices does not fully account for eroding ethane cracking margins. Ethane costs have risen by more than a third through February and into March, hitting an 18-month high last week of 31.1875¢/USG. Higher ethane costs have largely followed higher natural gas prices at the benchmark Henry Hub, which hit a two-year high at $4.491/mmBtu on 10 March stemming from tightening US gas inventories. Natural gas prices serve as a price floor for ethane because it is separated from raw natural gas during processing. The 60pc drop in ethane cracking margins over the past two months is unlikely to affect ethane-based ethylene production, as margins of at least 4-5¢/lb are generally still profitable for cracker operators. US ethane cracking margins in 2024 averaged 14-15¢/lb, according to Argus data. Ethane structurally remains the most advantaged feedstock on the US Gulf coast and was last surpassed briefly by a competing feedstock more than 18 months ago. Propane cracking margins are currently negative and the butane cracking margin has ranged from 3.5-8¢/lb this month. By Michael Camarda Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

News

TotalEnergies delays, cuts size of Grandpuits HVO


20/03/25
News
20/03/25

TotalEnergies delays, cuts size of Grandpuits HVO

Barcelona, 20 March (Argus) — TotalEnergies is delaying the start up of its Grandpuits hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) plant, and is planning to reduce the plant's proposed capacity. TotalEnergies confirmed the planned 400,000 t/yr HVO and HVO jet fuel (SAF) plant, near Paris, will not start in 2025 as previously outlined. Instead, a first phase of 210,000t of SAF output is slated to begin operations "early in 2026." TotalEnergies said there will then be a second phase of 75,000t, which will start at an unspecified point in 2027, giving 285,000 t/yr. If all production is SAF this would be equivalent to around 6,155 b/d. The CGT union said its members at Grandpuits downed tools for 24 hours yesterday, 19 March, as a result of the company's announcement. Workers say they have been promised a meeting with management in mid-April, and there does not appear to be industrial action at the site today. TotalEnergies halted crude distillation at the 93,000 b/d Grandpuits four years ago . The transformation includes a 10,000 t/yr plastics recycling unit. It said 1,200 workers are on site to undertake the conversion and this will result in 250 full time posts on completion. This is consistent with previous plans . The delay and reduction in size at Grandpuits does appear to confound targets for TotalEnergies' HVO and SAF output previously laid out by chief executive Patrick Pouyanne . The company operates a 500,000 t/yr HVO and SAF plant at La Mede, near the port of Fos-Lavera. A Grandpuits worker said management has indicated the company will look to purchase HVO and SAF, in order to honour contractual obligations. By Adam Porter Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Generic Hero Banner

Business intelligence reports

Get concise, trustworthy and unbiased analysis of the latest trends and developments in oil and energy markets. These reports are specially created for decision makers who don’t have time to track markets day-by-day, minute-by-minute.

Learn more