News
16/04/26
Australia turns to SE Asian urea on ME supply tightness
Sydney, 16 April (Argus) — Australia's federal government is turning to
southeast Asia to secure fertilizer supply for the upcoming winter crop, given
unprecedented supply and cost pressures caused by the US-Iran war. Australia's
prime minister Anthony Albanese is travelling to Brunei and Malaysia on 14-17
April hoping to secure fertilizer supply. Australia imported 11pc and 10pc of
its urea from Brunei and Malaysia, respectively, in 2025, trade data from the
Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) show ( see graph ). "We're continuing to
engage closely with countries in our region to support the flow of essential
goods like petrol, diesel and fertilizer," Australia's foreign minister Penny
Wong said on 13 April. The government is working to maintain a flow of essential
goods between Australia and Brunei, including urea, Albanese said on 15 April in
a shared statement with Brunei's Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah. Brunei is not looking
to introduce any export restrictions on fertilizer supply to Australia, Albanese
said on the same day. Seeding for the winter crop typically starts around 25
April. Growers are considering shifting from standard crops such as wheat and
canola to legumes or pulses, which require less fertilizer. Urea applications
will need to be reduced for pre-seeding and top-dressing if the conflict
continues, multiple suppliers said. Australia's urea imports usually peak in
March-June, but the strait of Hormuz is effectively shut, limiting import
origins. Australia imports around 60pc of its urea via the strait. Southeast
Asia accounted for 32pc of Australia's urea imports in 2025, ABS data show.
India issued a tender for 2.5mn t of urea on 4 April, with prices emerging at a
substantial premium to other markets on 15 April and set to further tighten
global availability. Southeast Asian producers contributed 346,000t of urea to
India's last two tenders closing on 20 November and 2 January, which totalled
2.5mn t. Southeast Asia typically exports around 5mn t/yr of urea, spread across
Malaysia, Indonesia, Brunei and Vietnam. Key suppliers from the region include
Malaysia's Petronas, and Brunei Fertilizer Industries. Total production was
13.5mn t in 2025, while regional demand was about 8.15mn t, Argus analytics
show. Indonesia remains a major urea producer within the region, with capacity
of 9.4mn t/yr, primarily driven by state-owned Pupuk Indonesia. But a
substantial portion of this output is positioned for the domestic market.
Meanwhile, Vietnam is mostly a strategic exporter of urea, with around 2.5mn
t/yr of urea production and 1.8mn t/yr of domestic urea requirement. But its
export patterns tend to be price elastic. Spikes in international prices
typically encourage Vietnamese producers to re-enter the export market.
Shipments from Indonesia and Vietnam into Australia are usually characterised by
spot purchases, rather than consistent cargo flows or contractual deliveries.
Australia's federal government is creating a Fertilizer Supply Working Group to
strengthen fertilizer availability. But multiple suppliers have yet to hear
details of this support, Argus was told. Argus last assessed granular urea at
$780-850/t fob southeast Asia on 9 April, up from $484-498/t fob southeast Asia
on 26 February before the war began ( see graph ). By Susannah Cornford and
Dinise Chng Southeast Asia urea prices ($/t) Australia urea imports (mn t) Send
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