Climate policy and UN Cop meetings
Overview
Argus provides key insights on how global climate policies will affect the global energy and commodity markets. We shine a light on decisions made at UN Cop meetings, which have far-reaching effects on the markets we serve. Progress at Cop 30 in Brazil will be crucial in transforming ambitions into actions aligned with the goals of the Paris Agreement. Countries must produce new climate plans this year.
Follow the key developments in energy transition field with our Net zero page and keep up to date with ongoing coverage of these issues by following Argus Media on LinkedIn and on X.
News
Australia must rethink gas strategy: Grattan
Australia must rethink gas strategy: Grattan
Sydney, 20 March (Argus) — Australian think-tank Grattan's Orange Book 2025: Policy priorities for the federal government report suggests redesigning Canberra's future gas strategy, coordinating a shift away from gas for households and some industries while changing market control mechanisms. Australia's next federal government must act to address a shortfall of gas in the country's southeastern states by creating a demand response mechanism for the national gas market and bringing together stakeholders to permit initial LNG imports in mid-2026, according to Grattan. Australia has always been both an exporter and importer of LPG, proving it is possible to build infrastructure to ship gas to the nation's south for the next 3-4 years in line with expected shortfalls, director of Grattan's energy program Tony Wood told a Sydney forum on 19 March. Building or expanding gas pipelines would be expensive and inefficient as the nation decarbonises, Wood said, with less gas forecast to be used as Australia targets net zero emissions by 2050. Canberra should institute a working group involving producers, users, traders, terminal owners, governments and the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission — which reports on market supply — to achieve seasonal imports of LNG in winter months, according to the Grattan report. A rule change to create a demand response mechanism akin to that under national electricity market rules would assist in meeting small shortfalls, such as during severe weather or unexpected supply outages. Demand is expected to rise on the back the closure of coal-fired power stations in the 2030s, according to Canberra's future gas strategy released in 2024. Gas-fired power demand may double in the decade to 2043 because of the need to support a solar and wind-heavy grid. This requires a reworking of the future gas strategy to specify plans to reduce demand and clarify future gas requirements outside of power generation, Grattan's report said. Assistance for households and industries to electrify processes is also needed, together with optimising infrastructure to ensure residual users in power generation and industry can access gas supply. The main controls on east coast gas grids, the Australian Domestic Gas Security Mechanism (ADGSM) and code of conduct , should be revised to allow for interstate transfers of gas, Grattan said, likely from Queensland's Gladstone-based LNG projects to the southern states. The code of conduct, which mandates an A$12/GJ ($8/GJ) price on domestic gas, came into effect in 2023 amid booming global gas prices but must be reviewed in 2025. Australia's energy and climate change ministerial council met on 14 March but declined to decide on expanding the Australian Energy Market Operator's powers, to enable it to address the gas shortage possibly through underwriting LNG import terminals. More analysis will be commissioned ahead of a decision at the next meeting in mid-2025. By Tom Major Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
UK wealth fund to prioritise ‘clean energy’ investment
UK wealth fund to prioritise ‘clean energy’ investment
London, 19 March (Argus) — The UK government has set "clean energy" as a priority investment sector for its new national wealth fund, and set out a plan for the fund to interact with newly-formed Great British Energy to drive decarbonisation. The two organisations will interact to provide a "strong end-to-end clean energy development and finance offer" and help the country hit its net zero targets, the government said. Great British Energy — staffed by specialists in the sector — will provide "development expertise", while the wealth fund will deliver finance, the government said. Great British Energy "will develop, invest in, build and operate clean energy projects across the UK", including owning stakes in the projects it develops itself, the government said. The organisation will develop "clean energy assets from inception", as well as co-develop and invest in more advanced projects. The national wealth fund "will unlock over £70bn ($90.7bn) in private investment to help deliver economic growth, make Britain a clean energy superpower, and strengthen the defence sector", the government said. The fund will prioritise investment in "clean energy, advanced manufacturing, digital technologies, and transport", and flagged likely spending on carbon capture and green hydrogen projects, as well as gigafactories and "green steel". The government has made commitments to "clean power" deployment and hitting the UK's legally-binding net zero by 2050 target central to its approach, sticking to pledges made ahead of last July's election . The government is targeting 95pc "clean power" by 2030 and consulted on a "clean energy future" for the North Sea earlier this month . By Georgia Gratton Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
EU mulls competitive metals decarbonisation
EU mulls competitive metals decarbonisation
Brussels, 19 March (Argus) — The European Commission today presented its steel and metals action plan, setting out actions to boost the sector's decarbonisation while countering unfair competition from outside the bloc. The plan has a strong focus on combatting global market distortion, whether in terms of trade or combined with circumvention of the bloc's emissions trading system (ETS) and carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM). "We will strengthen the current safeguard clause. We aim for a reduction of up to 15pc in [steel] imports," said industry commissioner Stephane Sejourne. Aside from revised steel safeguard measures , trade actions include a ferro-alloys safeguards investigation "expeditiously" by 18 November. And the commission promises to assess whether the bloc's use of the lesser duty rule regime requires changes. In addition to a CBAM scheme for exported goods , the measures also cover energy prices, decarbonisation through electrification and more flexible rules for low-carbon hydrogen. The commission promises revised rules to enable more EU states to provide indirect cost compensation for steel and aluminium firms for carbon costs passed on through electricity bills. And Brussels wants EU states to lower costs for energy-intensive industries through network tariffs, facilitating power purchase agreements (PPAs) and lowering electricity taxation to zero. With direct electrification not always possible or cost-effective, the commission points to hydrogen as a key enabler of decarbonisation in the steel and metals industries. Some measures have been toned down from drafts. The commission's plan no longer mentions implementing a melt and pour clause , "effective immediately". The commission will now "assess" whether it should adapt its practice by introducing a melted and poured rule, regardless of the place of subsequent transformation and origins. But the commission now promises that the delegated act on low-carbon hydrogen will provide rules that are "as flexible as possible" to achieve greenhouse gas emission-reduction goals for low-carbon fuels in a "technology neutral way". Industry association Hydrogen Europe welcomed the commission's direct acknowledgment of hydrogen as the best route to decarbonisation for primary steel production. "Labelling schemes, sustainability criteria, and dedicated funding mechanisms are necessary first steps to incentivise the offtake of green products," said Hydrogen Europe's industrial policy director Laurent Donceel. The commission's paper sends a clear message that "a strong European Union needs a strong European steel industry", said Henrik Adam, president of European steel association Eurofer. But the association also called on the EU to implement "meaningful solutions through ambitious measures". By Dafydd ab Iago Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
UK study sets out Grangemouth's post-refining future
UK study sets out Grangemouth's post-refining future
Edinburgh, 19 March (Argus) — A government-funded study has identified nine potential low-carbon and renewable options for the Grangemouth site in Scotland following the planned closure of its 150,000 b/d refinery in the second quarter this year. The nine possible projects outlined in the Project Willow study centre around waste, bio-feedstocks and industries supporting the development of offshore wind. They could benefit each other through synergies and create up to 800 direct jobs, but their success "will require significant contributions from both the public and private sector", with an initial £3.5bn ($4.5bn) in capital investments needed, the study said. The £1.5mn report, paid for by the UK and Scottish governments, was commissioned by Grangemouth refinery operator Petroineos, which announced in November 2023 that it was going to close the plant and convert it into a fuel import terminal. The UK and Scottish governments have since set aside £25mn and £200mn for Grangemouth, along with other initiatives such as Scotland's £100mn Falkirk and Grangemouth Growth Deal package. The study's 'waste' pathway comprises a hydrothermal plastic recycling project, a dissolution plastic recycling facility and a bio-refining project relying on bacterial fermentation (ABE). Under the 'bio-feedstock' pathway, the study envisages a second-generation bioethanol plant on Scottish timber feedstock and an anaerobic digestion facility using organic waste to produce biomethane. Second-generation bioethanol refers to ethanol made from non-edible resources such as biomass. This pathway also suggests a sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) plant, with production made from hydroprocessed esters and fatty acids (HEFA). UK trade union Unite has been supportive of this option , but Petroineos deemed it unviable "under current regulatory conditions". The third pathway — called conduit for offshore wind — is mostly focused on hydrogen. It includes fuel switching, producing jet from e-methanol and methanol as well as producing low-carbon ammonia for the shipping and chemicals industry. The second-generation ethanol plant and the HEFA facility, as well as the e-methanol and e-ammonia projects, would have a longer 2030-40 timeline, against a 2028-30 timeline for the other projects. The projects would benefit from existing infrastructure such as Grangemouth's port, which includes container, bulk and liquid fuel terminals. "There are also opportunities to reuse existing tank storage, ethanol facilities, and other ancillary assets at the site," the study said. Unite has criticised the study's project timelines, pointing out most would start years after the refinery had closed, by which time jobs would have been lost. Many of the projects "could be fast tracked and implemented now", including converting the refinery to SAF production, the union said. "Project Willow was created by Petroineos as a fig leaf to justify its act of industrial vandalism of shutting the refinery and axing jobs. It asked the wrong questions and then failed to provide the answers that Grangemouth refinery workers need," Unite general secretary Sharon Graham said. "There are projects like SAF production which can be swiftly enacted to protect jobs and those opportunities must not be lost. This would pave the way for the UK to become a world leader in green aviation." By Caroline Varin Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
Analysis
Execs divided on Trump effect on energy investment
Execs divided on Trump effect on energy investment
London, 10 February (Argus) — The energy sector's first big gathering of the year showed that its executives, policy makers and observers remain conflicted in their views about how US president Donald Trump's second term will affect it, following his flurry of pronouncements and executive orders since he was sworn into office. While some see a sharp reversal in attitude from Washington towards the previous administration's Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), others hold out hope that, despite negative comments from Trump about certain types of renewable energy, he will eventually come to recognise that they deserve a place in the energy mix. Speaking on the first day of energy technology firm Baker Hughes' annual conferencein Florence, Italy, last week, Trump's former US energy secretary Dan Brouillette said that tearing up the IRA was not possible under the US system of government, as the president cannot "undo a federal statute at a stroke". "Executive orders do not apply to federal statutes," he said, adding that he thinks there will be more, not less, investment in renewable power under Trump. Brouillette noted that the US has been retiring firm base-load power faster than it has been able to add new generation capacity, and the country will be some 25-30GW short of electricity within a few years — approximately five times the capacity currently needed to power New York City's grid. "We are short on electrons. We are short on infrastructure. We are short on power," he said. While acknowledging that his erstwhile boss is not currently supportive of offshore wind and some other types of renewable power, Trump "understands clearly that we need more electrons. And, candidly, an electron, once it's created, doesn't know where it came from, whether it was created by a nuclear facility or a windmill". In contrast, investment bank RBC Capital Markets' head of global commodity strategy, Helima Croft, said at the conference that "the landscape in Washington has fundamentally shifted" with respect to the IRA since Trump returned to office.She pointed out that the first acts of former president Joe Biden's administration four years ago included taking the US back into the Paris Agreement and announcing a pause on new oil and gas leasing on federal land. The US is undergoing "an absolute inversion" of those moves, Croft said. "One of the first acts is to leave the Paris climate accords. We now have a pause on projects related to wind and solar on federal lands, while at the same time we're opening up drilling on federal lands for oil and gas. So you can't overstate the sea change in Washington," she said. Crunch time for low carbon And Croft is sceptical about the future for wind and solar energy in the US. There had been an expectation that much of the IRA would be future-proof as many Republican states are beneficiaries of renewable energy investments, but "everything we've seen so far in wind and solar would indicate that this is not a bulwark against some dismantling", she said. The question now is which low-carbon technologies have bipartisan appeal. Carbon capture, utilisation and storage, nuclear energy and geothermal energy have broad bipartisan support, according to Croft. Sharing the stage with Croft was commodities trading company Trafigura energy transition head Margaux Moore, who argued that the energy sector and industry more widely must come together now to decide on which energy technologies to invest in today, rather than wait for policy makers. An approach whereby industry invests limited sums in multiple low-carbon technologies to learn how they will mature is "becoming synonymous with inaction", Moore said. But investment decisions made today will have long-lasting consequences. "The choices we're making now are going to have an impact on what we see in 2050, right? We cannot afford to wait and see," Moore said. By Jon Mainwaring Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
Ambition focus as nations to fail new GHG goal deadline
Ambition focus as nations to fail new GHG goal deadline
Edinburgh, 6 February (Argus) — Most countries and major emitters that are party to the Paris Agreement will fail to meet a 10 February deadline for sharing new climate plans. Climate policy observers have stressed that higher ambitions beat timeliness when it comes to new 2035 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions cut targets, but challenges abound ahead of the UN Cop 30 climate summit in Brazil. Only 10 countries, including G20 members Brazil and the UK, have submitted new climate plans — or Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) — so far. Around 200 countries and jurisdictions such as the EU have signed the Paris agreement. They need to submit their 2035 targets to the UN climate body UNFCCC by February as part of the so-called ratchet mechanism, which requires them to review and revise plans every five years. "There have not been any signals that any major emitters will submit their NDCs before the deadline, but we may see a handful of smaller emitters trickling in," think-tank International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) energy policy advisor Natalie Jones said. Non-profit the World Resources Institute (WRI) associate Jamal Srouji expects around 20 countries to submit by the deadline. But most climate plans should come in the second half of this year, with the UN general assembly in September emerging as a new potential milestone followed by Cop 30 in Belem, Brazil. Countries missing their NDC deadline is not new. They were slow to submit plans in the previous 2020-21 round — although they were grappling with a pandemic — and after Cop 26, when it came to strengthening 2030 targets. Jones described the UNFCCC's non-enforceable February deadline as "arbitrary". "It is much more important to have good quality plans than NDCs handed in on a forced deadline, although of course there is no guarantee that the plans that will come later will be necessarily better," Jones said. Srouji concurred: "Higher ambitions from major countries are far more critical because we know that we are off track for meeting the Paris goals". US exit The US submitted its new NDC in December under then president Joe Biden, knowing that the new president Donald Trump would pull out of the Paris accord again. This will take effect on 27 January next year. It was important for the US to submit this NDC, Srouji said, as it will serve as "a guiding post" for what the country could achieve, at sub-national levels in particular. But the US' Paris exit could dampen momentum on global NDCs, with some fearing a spillover effect . Indonesia, which earlier signalled it would submit by February, is unlikely to do so now, after the country's climate envoy Hashim Djojohadikusumo expressed discontent. "If America does not want to comply with international agreements, why should Indonesia comply?" he asked. Argentina pulled its delegation from Cop 29 last year and may consider leaving the Paris agreement. Among other major emitters, Canada set a new 2035 climate goal in December. The country was planning to submit its new plan by February, but the resignation of prime minister Justin Trudeau and a new election due this year could put the country's climate ambitions at risk. All eyes will of course be on China, the world's largest emitter, and whether it pledges stronger targets. The country is unlikely to submit its new plan by the deadline, according to observers. Expectations are high, but "targets will likely fall short of achieving the 1.5°C goal, leaving much work to be done to accelerate emissions reduction," think tank Asia Society Policy Institute director Li Shuo said. China signalled at Cop 29 that its NDC will be "economy-wide" and "cover all greenhouse gases", while continuing to strive to achieve carbon neutrality before 2060, without providing further details. "There is a big question mark, in the absence of US leadership, if will we see China along with the EU engaging and stepping up, or if will we see the country retreating like the US," IISD's Jones said. EU climate commissioner Wopke Hoekstra, who said the bloc's NDC will come in time for Cop 30, said that Europeans will need to show more leadership. But the EU's 2035 goal will be derived from its 2040 target and German MEP Peter Liese pointed to a deadlock in discussions . The European Commission has proposed a greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction target of 90pc by 2040, from 1990 levels, which Poland said is "very difficult to accept". Challenges Cop 30 host Brazil, along with the UAE Cop 29 presidency, stuck to their promise of being early movers by submitting updated goals last year, although these were met with mixed reactions. Cop 29 host Azerbaijan did not submit a new NDC in Baku, with its president signalling challenges for some developing countries in establishing new plans. Some southeast Asian countries have highlighted challenges in providing new targets , such as the lack of common models between sectors, financing and economic growth. Chile said that it will submit an emissions reduction plan by the middle of this year, as a draft document is under consultation . There are many reasons for delays. "The UNFCCC timeline is not necessarily aligned with national decision-making processes and many developing countries face resource and capacity constraints," Srouji said, adding that parties are also expected to submit other documents such as adaptation plans and long term climate strategies. The IEA can provide support on national energy transition plans. The energy watchdog has recently supported Uganda and Vietnam on transition plans, and is in the early stages of transition advisory work with Colombia and Tanzania, it said. Colombia indicated that it will submit its NDC by June as the country seeks to address the "divisive issue" of fossil fuels, on which its economy is dependent. Mixed bag The climate plans submitted so far accounted for around 16pc of global emissions as of 5 February, including commitments from the UK and Brazil, according to WRI. IISD's Jones described the current NDCs as a "mixed bag", in terms of targets and the level of details, saying that the UK emerged as a leader with commitments on oil and gas licensing, while New Zealand has put forward a weak target and no plans. The UK's plan sets out the government's manifesto pledge to phase out sales of new cars "relying solely on internal combustion engines" by 2030, and notes that it will consult on issuing no new oil and gas licences to explore new fields. But none of the countries which posted new NDCs so far — apart from St Lucia — seem to have raised their 2030 targets, despite agreeing to "revisit and strengthen" them in the Cop 28's global stocktake (GST). How countries will respond to elements of GST — which also resulted in all parties agreeing to "transition away" from fossil fuels — will be a key issue to watch, especially after they failed to build on their commitments at Cop 29 in Baku. "While NDCs may show progress on the commitments of the Paris agreement and the commitments of a lot of countries on climate action, it is not clear what they will deliver in terms of the ability to keep 1.5°C in reach", Srouji said. "This is how Cop 30 comes into play, to make sure countries respond adequately and keep on track, he said. By Caroline Varin Countries GHG 2035 reduction targets Countries Headline 2035 target Baseline UAE Cutting GHG emissions by 47pc by 2035 2019 Brazil Cutting GHG emissions by 59-67pc by 2035 2005 US Cutting GHG emissions by 61-66pc by 2035 2005 Uruguay Cutting GHG emissions by 30pc by 2035 2020-22 Switzerland Cutting GHGemissions by 65pc by 2035 1990 UK Cutting GHG emissions by 81pc by 2035 1990 New Zealand Cutting GHG emissions by 51-55pc by 2035 2005 Andorra Cutting GHG emissions by 63pc by 2035 2005 Ecuador Cutting GHG emissions by 7pc by 2035 2010 St Lucia Cutting GHG emissions by 22pc in energy sector by 2035* 2010 Canada** Cutting GHG emissionsby 45-50pc by 2035 2005 Source countries' NDCs *conditional target **Canada only submitted its headline target, not its NDC Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
US Paris exit sparks concern but also climate unity
US Paris exit sparks concern but also climate unity
London, 24 January (Argus) — Governments, companies and scientists have expressed concern at President Donald Trump's decision to withdraw the US from the Paris climate agreement, but have committed to continue with plans to decarbonise and drive forward the energy transition. "It's not a complete halt of the efforts but it's definitely a concerning moment," director of the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Johan Rockstrom told delegates this week at the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos, Switzerland. "The nervousness is what spillover effects this can have on other countries in the world and that in turn can end up in a serious slowdown of efforts. I'm thinking of Saudi Arabia, I'm thinking of Argentina, I'm thinking of some of the more populist governments now in Europe," Rockstrom added. Action on climate change is competing for space on policymakers' agendas with geopolitical turmoil — war in Ukraine and the Middle East — as well as economic challenges. "We're in a state of crisis fatigue… we only seem to have an attention span for one crisis at a time, so as this polycrisis environment that we've been in for the last few years… climate has been pushed down that crisis priority list, but… science behind climate hasn't changed. The impacts actually have changed in that they're simply getting worse", executive secretary of UN climate body the UNFCCC Simon Stiell said in Davos. In response to Trump's decision to pull the US out of the Paris accord , the EU and China immediately committed to continue with their action on climate change , and both underlined the importance of multilateralism. "I want to be very clear with my message. Europe stays the course, and we stand ready to work with all global actors to accelerate the transition to clean energy," European Commission president Ursula von der Leyen said. Transition is ‘unstoppable' Many speakers in Davos noted that the energy transition to renewables is well underway, and has advanced rapidly since Trump's first term in office. "The world is undergoing an energy transition that is unstoppable," Stiell said. Several private-sector representatives attending the WEF embraced the energy transition, pointing to increased efficiency and cost savings. "I haven't found one single area where climate smart wouldn't be resource smart and cost smart," Ikea chief executive Jesper Brodin said. "Technology will win the day in the end", Volvo Cars chief executive Jim Rowan said. The consensus from a CEO lunch during the WEF was that "we are not deviating from the plans we have. We're staying on track. We're moving on a decarbonisation path, we're electrifying our industry, we're not going to be shaken up by what's happening," Rockstrom said. Within the US, action to decarbonise looks set to consolidate beyond federal level. A group of 24 US state and territorial governors have assured the UNFCCC of their continued climate action. And Bloomberg Philanthropies this week said it would step in to cover the US' financial obligations to the UNFCCC, as well as support the country's climate reporting. The long-term realities of a heating world overshadow the relatively short-term politics. "It is one of the most challenging things we will be facing in the decades to come, and the effects are devastating," EU climate commissioner Wopke Hoekstra said this week. Extreme heat is projected to cause $2.4 trillion/yr in productivity losses by 2035, as well as $448 bn/yr in fixed-asset losses for publicly listed companies, financial services provider Allianz said. The US in particular has been hit hard by catastrophic weather events — proven to be exacerbated by climate change — in recent months. California governor Gavin Newsom pointed to wildfires, which have this month devastated swathes of Los Angeles. "If you don't believe in science, believe your own damn eyes," Newsom said. By Georgia Gratton Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
Landmark legal opinion on climate expected in 2025
Landmark legal opinion on climate expected in 2025
The ICJ guidance will inform the growing number of national and international climate cases, writes Georgia Gratton London, 3 January (Argus) — Last year saw historic outcomes in international legal cases centred on climate change, from the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) to the world's highest court for marine protection, Itlos. And 2025 could see more, as the visible impacts of a heating planet increase. The UN International Court of Justice (ICJ) is expected to reach an outcome in 2025 that is likely be a "watershed moment for international climate governance", think-tank IISD's Earth Negotiations Bulletin (ENB) says. Hearings for the ICJ proceedings wrapped up in mid-December. The court — which all 193 UN member states are party to — will issue an advisory opinion on states' responsibilities with regard to climate change. ICJ advisory opinions are not legally binding, but the outcome will "serve as definitive guidance from the world's highest court", environment organisation ClientEarth lawyer Lea Main-Klingst tells Argus . The issue under consideration at the ICJ was originally spearheaded by the small island state of Vanuatu, and led to a UN General Assembly request for the ICJ's advisory opinion on states' obligation to "ensure the protection of the climate system and other parts of the environment from anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases for states and for present and future generations". It also seeks the ICJ's opinion on the legal consequences for states when they "by their acts and omissions, have caused significant harm to the climate system and other parts of the environment". Countries gave verbal evidence outside the negotiating blocs typically seen at forums such as Cop climate summits, meaning countries "were free to articulate their own positions, often with surprising divergences from other speakers in the same negotiating group", according to ENB. Countries and some organisations will also be able to submit written evidence on topics including fossil fuel production and mitigation — actions to cut greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Case study The ICJ proceedings "will be very relevant to all climate-related cases both at the domestic and international level — and the number of these cases is only growing", Main-Klingst says. The ECHR ruled in April that signatories to the European Convention on Human Rights must protect their citizens from "serious adverse effects of climate change". And the Itlos outcome in May — another advisory opinion — was similar, finding that states have an obligation to reduce their GHG emissions to protect oceans. The UK could prove to be a case study. The country's Supreme Court ruled in June — days before the current Labour government took power — that consent for an oil development in southern England was unlawful as it had not taken into account downstream emissions. The new government had already pledged to issue no new oil and gas permits, but it has since used the ruling to kick-start an overhaul of environmental guidance for oil and gas firms, which could have implications for previously approved developments. The damage caused by climate change is growing, making it more crucial to settle legal parameters. Scientists are in agreement that 2024 will be the hottest on record, smashing the current record set in 2023. And insured losses from natural catastrophes — proven to be made more intense by climate change — easily broke the $100bn mark in 2024, for a fifth consecutive year, reinsurance firm Swiss Re says. This does not take into account the scale of uninsured assets, which are often in the most vulnerable countries. These factors put further pressure on international courts to clarify and set expectations on an issue that is not confined to national borders. Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
Country focus
Trump tries again at faster energy permitting
Trump tries again at faster energy permitting
Washington, 27 January (Argus) — President Donald Trump is moving early in his second term to fast-track federal permitting by tapping into emergency powers he hopes will expedite approval of oil and gas infrastructure projects and electric transmission lines. Trump spent his first term promising a "massive" permitting overhaul that never materialised, after he was unable to achieve comprehensive updates through regulatory changes or a legislative deal in Congress. But in an executive order he signed on his first day in office that declares a "national energy emergency", he directed his administration to use emergency powers usually used to respond to issues such as natural disasters or short-term fuel shortages, to make it easier to build oil and gas pipelines, refineries and power plants. Trump's order argues that swift government action is needed because former president Joe Biden's policies have created an "emergency" under which energy supplies have become "precariously inadequate and intermittent" and the electric grid is "increasingly unreliable". It directs government agencies to use emergency powers to expedite issuance of water permits under the Clean Water Act and fast-track project reviews under the Endangered Species Act. It also asks regulators to "use all lawful emergency" powers to support the supply, refining and transportation of energy in the US west coast, northeast US and Alaska. But the White House will not offer expedited permitting for wind farms, which Trump detests and says should no longer be built. His administration has issued orders to stop leasing federal lands for wind farms, prompting an outcry from offshore wind group Turn Forward, whose executive director Hillary Bright sees a disconnect between declaring an energy emergency while impeding the buildout of wind power capacity, which is on track to grow by 60pc by 2028. Trump also rescinded a 1977 executive order supporting binding government-wide regulations for issuing environmental reviews of projects under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). This provides a chance to overhaul processes under NEPA, a decades-old law that often requires time-consuming reviews of projects that can take years to prepare and are regularly challenged in court. Where's the emergency? But tapping emergency powers to expedite permitting and overhaul NEPA processes could face substantial risks in court. Energy projects approved using novel processes would almost certainly face a barrage of lawsuits from environmentalists, who see no legal justification to jettison standard permitting rules that have been in place for decades. "There is no energy emergency. There is a climate emergency," environmental group NRDC's president, Manish Bapna, says. Republicans in Congress are considering ways to expedite permitting using a filibuster-proof manouevre called ‘budget reconciliation', which they also intend to use to cut taxes, expand fossil fuel leasing and push through other parts of Trump's agenda. Arkansas Republican representative,and chairman of the House of Representatives Natural Resources Committee, Bruce Westerman says "certain parts of permitting" could qualify for that bill, so long as they affect the federal budget. Industry officials are urging lawmakers to create durable energy policy. But Trump's efforts to roll back wind, solar and other clean energy projects — one executive order pauses disbursement of all funds enacted under Biden's signature climate laws — could threaten the bipartisan support required to pass comprehensive permitting changes. Democrats last year were willing to support permitting changes to help pipelines, in exchange for fast-tracking the electric grid buildout needed to deploy vast amounts of renewable energy. Blocking clean energy projects would remove an incentive for compromise. By Chris Knight Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
Trump puts US climate risk disclosures on the outs
Trump puts US climate risk disclosures on the outs
Houston, 21 January (Argus) — US President Donald Trump revoked an executive order by his predecessor on Monday that required federal agencies to take steps to assess climate-related risks to the country's economy. The order revocation comes as part of a flurry of repeals and executive orders from Trump in his first days in office. The move, along with withdrawing the US from the Paris Climate Agreement, is in line with Trump's plans to distance his administration from former president Joe Biden's environmental goals, following campaign promises to focus on a deregulatory agenda and increase US oil production. "Climate extremism has exploded inflation and overburdened businesses with regulation," the executive order said. Biden issued his executive order in 2021 directing the federal government to take steps to assess climate risk impacts on the financial system, homeowners and businesses and then help inform the government and investors of those risks. It also required the identification of public and private financing needs to meet the Biden administration's net-zero emissions target for the US economy by 2050. But some of Biden's plans were already on their way out in the final days of his administration, while others are likely to be revisited by the government under Trump. The US Department of Defense (DOD), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), General Services Administration (GSA) on 13 January withdrew their proposed rule to amend the Federal Acquisition Regulation, which would have required major federal suppliers to publicly disclose GHG emissions and climate-related financial risk along with setting science-based GHG reduction targets in line with the executive order. The agencies cited a lack of time to finalize the rule, first proposed in 2022, before the end of the Biden administration. The lack of Trump support for federal climate-change disclosures is likely to slow progress on creating a national framework for measuring the impact of climate-change on US financial systems, investments, and housing among other sectors. The impact is likely to leave federal agencies unprepared to handle the aftermath, according to non-profit group Ceres. "Without comprehensive data and planning frameworks in place, federal agencies will be ill-equipped to protect taxpayer investments, ensure continuity of critical services, and build resilience against growing climate-related threats," said Steven Rothstein, managing director of the Ceres Accelerator for Sustainable Capital Markets. With the departure of US Securities and Exchange Commission's (SEC) chairman Gary Gensler on Monday, Trump's Republican replacement, acting chairman Mark Uyeda, will likely revisit the SEC's related disclosure requirements . Under a rule finalized last year, companies publicly listed in the US must begin disclosure of climate-related information by March 2026. But state-level action will continue even if the federal government unravels the previous administration's disclosure requirements. California has already mandated these disclosures. SB 261, signed by governor Gavin Newsom (D) in 2023 , requires companies operating in the state with revenues of $500mn/yr or more to biennially report, starting in 2026, the immediate and long-term climate-related financial risks within their operations and supply chain. The California Air Resources Board is taking public feedback to develop the regulations through July, with disclosures beginning in 2026. New York is also considering similar requirements. By Denise Cathey Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
Trump to declare energy 'emergency': Update 2
Trump to declare energy 'emergency': Update 2
Updates with details throughout Washington, 20 January (Argus) — President Donald Trump today signed an executive order declaring a "national energy emergency" and said he plans to impose 25pc tariffs on imports from Canada and Mexico on 1 February. Returning to the White House for a second term, Trump signed a series of executive orders on energy and trade that he said will restore "common sense" to US policy. His orders aim to expedite permitting of energy infrastructure, tackle inflation, roll back climate programs put in place under former president Joe Biden and pursue a "drill, baby, drill" energy policy. In declaring a national energy emergency, Trump's order contends the Biden administration left a "precariously inadequate and intermittent energy supply, and an increasingly unreliable grid" that required swift action. Trump also froze all federal regulations, placed a temporary hold on hiring non-military federal workers, rescinded 78 Biden executive actions and memoranda and began rolling back Biden's climate legacy. "I'm immediately withdrawing from the unfair, one-sided Paris climate accord rip-off," Trump said at a rally held after his second inaugural ceremony. Trump's declaration of an "energy emergency" could bolster the legal rationale for some of energy policies and plans to expedite permitting. Trump also said he plans to end the "Green New Deal" — a reference to climate programs enacted under Biden — and revoke an "electric vehicle mandate" he said is threatening the US auto manufacturing sector. Trump also vowed to begin an "overhaul" of the US trade system to protect domestic workers and reiterated his support for tariffs, which he sees as a way to raise government revenue and support domestic manufacturing. "Tariffs are going to make us rich as hell," Trump said. They are "going to bring our country's businesses back that left us". While Trump is reiterating his threat to impose tariffs on Canada and Mexico, oil industry officials have warned such a move could disrupt the nearly 4mn b/d of crude the US imports from Canada. Trump stopped short of promised to erect tariffs on all US imports, saying: "We're not ready for that." On foreign policy, Trump said the US would "reclaim its rightful place" as the most powerful country in the world and reiterated plans to rename the Gulf of Mexico as the Gulf of America. Trump also promised still-unspecified actions to take control of the US-built Panama Canal in response to what he says has been unfair treatment of US ships, a claim that Panamanian president Jose Raul Mulino has rejected. "We gave it to Panama, and we're taking it back," Trump said during his second inaugural address. Trump signed an order to ease drilling restrictions in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge and the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska, while also prioritizing the development of the proposed 20mn t/yr Alaska LNG export terminal. Trump also said he wants to refill the US Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR), which is at 55pc of its capacity with 394mn bl of crude in storage, "right to the top". Refilling the SPR would require the US Congress to appropriate $32bn at current prices, to offset the costs of canceling 100mn bl of upcoming mandatory crude sales and buying about 300mn bl of crude. Trump signed an order to rescind a series of climate-related orders Biden had issued, measures the new administration says places "undue burdens" on energy production. And he imposed a temporary moratorium on leasing acreage in federal waters for wind projects. "We're not going to do the wind thing," Trump said. That drew an outcry from offshore wind advocacy group Turn Forward, whose executive director Hillary Bright said an emergency should require unleashing "all necessary sources of American energy — including offshore wind". During his campaign, Trump promised to cut the price of energy by 50pc within 12 months of taking office. But with regular grade gasoline averaging close to $3/USG and Henry Hub natural gas prices less $4/mmBtu this month, such a dramatic cut in prices would be difficult to achieve without causing major disruptions to industry. Environmentalists and Democratic-led states are also preparing to file lawsuits challenging Trump's deregulatory actions, a strategy they used during his first term with mixed success. Trump was sworn in in a relatively small ceremony inside the US Capitol, after calling off a more traditional, outdoor inauguration because of temperatures that were hovering around 23° F. Among those in attendance was Telsa chief executive Elon Musk, who spent more than $250mn to help elect Trump and is chairing a cost-cutting advisory panel. After being sworn in, Trump formally nominated his cabinet members, leaving it up to the Republican-controlled US Senate to hold confirmation votes. Trump also named Republicans to lead 15 independent agencies. Trump named Mark Christie as chairman of the US Federal Energy Regulatory Commission; Mark Uyeda as acting chair of the US Securities and Exchange Commission; and Patrick Fuchs as chair of the US Surface Transportation Board. Caroline Pham became acting chairman of the US Commodity Futures Trading Commission through a vote of its members. By Chris Knight Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
Trump to declare energy 'emergency': Update
Trump to declare energy 'emergency': Update
Updates with changes throughout Washington, 20 January (Argus) — President Donald Trump pledged today to declare a "national energy emergency" as one of the first acts of his second term in office and has signed a series of executive orders designed to bring down energy costs, including pulling the US out of the Paris climate agreement. The executive orders on energy, trade and other issues will restore "common sense" in US policy, Trump said during his second inaugural address, moments after being sworn in at the US Capitol. The executive orders and emergency declaration are intended to expedite permitting of energy infrastructure, tackle inflation, roll back climate programs put in place under former president Joe Biden and pursue what Trump says is a policy to "drill, baby, drill". Trump signed his first set of executive orders during a rally tonight with supporters and plans to sign more orders later tonight at the White House. The first executive orders will implement an "immediate regulation freeze", put a temporary hold on hiring workers and rescind 78 of Biden's executive actions and memoranda. Trump also signed a directive to federal agencies to take steps to reduce the cost-of-living, along with a separate order that will withdraw the US from the Paris climate accord for a second time. "I'm immediately withdrawing from the unfair, one-sided Paris climate accord rip-off," Trump said at a rally later in the day. "The United States will not sabotage their own industries while China pollutes with impunity." Trump's declaration of an "energy emergency" could bolster the legal rationale for some of energy policies and plans to expedite permitting. Trump also said he plans to end the "Green New Deal" — a reference to climate programs enacted under Biden — and revoke an "electric vehicle mandate" he said is threatening the US auto manufacturing sector. Trump also vowed to begin an "overhaul" of the US trade system to protect domestic workers and reiterated his support for tariffs, which he sees as a way to raise government revenue and support domestic manufacturing. "Tariffs are going to make us rich as hell," Trump said. They are "going to bring our country's businesses back that left us." But it remains unclear if Trump will move ahead with his threatened 25pc tariff against Canada that oil industry officials have said could disrupt the nearly 4mn b/d of crude the US imports from Canada. On foreign policy, Trump said the US would "reclaim its rightful place" as the most powerful country in the world and reiterated plans to rename the Gulf of Mexico as the Gulf of America. Trump also promised still-unspecified actions to take control of the US-built Panama Canal in response to what he says has been unfair treatment of US ships, a threat that Panamanian president Jose Raul Mulino has rejected . "We gave it to Panama, and we're taking it back," Trump said. Trump is expected to take action soon to restart licensing of US LNG export terminals and support drilling in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. Trump said he wants the US to take advantage of its vast oil and gas reserves, which he said would reduce energy prices and increase energy exports. Trump also said he wants to refill the US Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR), which is at 55pc of its capacity with 394mn bl of crude in storage, "right to the top". Refilling the SPR would require the US Congress to appropriate $32bn at current prices, to offset the costs of canceling 100mn bl of upcoming mandatory crude sales and buying about 300mn bl of crude. Trump has yet to specify which parts of Biden's climate legislation he will work to overturn, which also would require congressional action. But the White House said the administration would consider rescinding all federal rules that put "undue burdens" on energy producers and stop leasing federal land to wind farms. "We're not going to do the wind thing," Trump said. That drew an outcry from offshore wind advocacy group Turn Forward, whose executive director Hillary Bright said an emergency should require unleashing "all necessary sources of American energy — including offshore wind." During his campaign, Trump promised to cut the price of energy by 50pc within 12 months of taking office. But with regular grade gasoline averaging close to $3/USG and Henry Hub natural gas prices less $4/mmBtu this month, such a dramatic cut in prices would be difficult to achieve without causing major disruptions to industry. Environmentalists and Democratic-led states are also preparing to file lawsuits challenging Trump's deregulatory actions, a strategy they used during his first term with mixed success. Trump was sworn in in a relatively small ceremony inside the US Capitol, after calling off a more traditional, outdoor inauguration because of temperatures that were hovering around 23° F. Among those in attendance was Telsa chief executive Elon Musk, who spent more than $250mn to help elect Trump and is chairing a cost-cutting advisory panel. After being sworn in, Trump formally nominated his cabinet members, leaving it up to the Republican-controlled US Senate to hold confirmation votes. Trump also named Republicans to lead 15 independent agencies. Trump named Mark Christie as chairman of the US Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Mark Uyeda as acting chair of the US Securities and Exchange Commission,and Patrick Fuchs as chair of the US Surface Transportation Board. Caroline Pham became acting chairman of the US Commodity Futures Trading Commission through a vote of its members. By Chris Knight Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
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